voice disorders test 2

otolaryngologist (ENT)

physician who studies and treats diseases of the ear, nose, and larynx (throat)

primary voice signs/symptoms

-hoarseness

-vocal fatigue

-breathy voice

-reduced pitch range

-aphonia

-pitch breaks

-strain/struggle

-tremor

signs

objective and measurable

symptoms

subjective, reported to you by PT (cannot be seen or measured)

what is s/z ratio?

noninstrument test, quick voice assessment used to evaluate how efficiently your vocal folds work during voicing.

maximum phonation time (MPT)

noninstrument test, The client's ability to sustain "ah"

intensity

the acoustic power of the voice, related to the ability to generate and maintain subglottic pressure

fundamental frequency (f₀)

the physical speed of the vibration; related to pitch

pitch

How high or low a sound is, perception of the frequency

adult male avg F0

85-180 Hz

adult female avg F0

165-255 Hz

MPT provides information about the BLANK, BLANK, and BLANK

control of respirator function, glottal efficiency, and laryngeal control

MPT childhood (3-4yrs)

M: 9s, SD: 2.16

MPT adulthood (13-65yr)

M: 25.89s, SD: 7.41

older adults (65+)

M: 14.68s, SD: 6.25

what is the purpose of s/z ratio testing?

to differentiate between deficits in respiratory support vs laryngeal inefficacy (how well your lungs pump air versus how well your vocal cords use that air)

z

voiced, laryngeal

s

voiceless, respiratory

is s/z ratio reliable in kids?

no

is s/z > 1 this might indicate what?

a laryngeal pathology

laryngeal pathology

any disease, disorder, or structural abnormality affecting the larynx

if the respiratory system compromised, reduced s/z but still will approximate to -1 > then what?

further testing is needed

adults s/z ratio?

.8 - 1

testing steps for MPT

1. take a deep breath and sustain /ah/ for as long as possible

2. complete at least 3 x

MPT tends to BLANK with age

get higher

testing steps for s/z ratio

1. model to PT

2.take a deep breath and sustain /s/ for alasp

3. take a deep breath and sustain /z/ for alasp

4. complete 2x

What voice disorder is associated with a deep, low-pitched voice and a history of long-term smoking?

Reinke's edema

What voice disorder is associated with a shaky or quivering voice caused by rhythmic, involuntary movements?

Vocal tremor

What voice disorder causes a strained or strangled voice with intermittent breaks due to involuntary muscle contractions?

Spasmodic dysphonia

What voice disorder causes a weak, breathy voice after damage to the recurrent laryngeal nerve, affecting one vocal fold?

Unilateral vocal fold paralysis

What voice disorder may develop after intense vocal strain, such as yelling, and cause hoarseness or breathiness?

Vocal fold polyp

What voice disorder is associated with repeated vocal misuse and gradually developing hoarseness?

Vocal fold nodules

What voice disorder involves a sac-like lesion that interferes with vocal fold vibration?

Vocal fold cyst

What voice disorder involves irritation near the back of the vocal folds and may be associated with reflux, coughing, or throat clearing?

Granuloma