Factors Affecting Reaction Rate
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17 Terms
What are the five main factors affecting reaction rate?
Concentration, pressure (for gases), surface area, temperature and catalysts.
How does increasing concentration affect reaction rate?
It increases reaction rate.
Why does increasing concentration increase reaction rate?
More particles occupy the same volume, causing more frequent successful collisions.
How does decreasing concentration affect reaction rate?
It decreases reaction rate because collisions occur less frequently.
How does increasing gas pressure affect reaction rate?
It increases reaction rate.
Why does increasing gas pressure increase reaction rate?
Gas particles become closer together, increasing collision frequency.
Why does pressure mainly affect gaseous reactants?
Gases can be compressed into a smaller volume.
How does increasing the surface area of a solid affect reaction rate?
It increases reaction rate.
Why does increasing surface area increase reaction rate?
More reactant particles are exposed and available for collisions.
Why does powdered calcium carbonate react faster than large marble chips?
Powder has a greater surface area-to-volume ratio.
Does breaking a solid into smaller pieces change its total mass?
No, it increases surface area without changing the amount of substance.
How does increasing temperature affect reaction rate?
It increases reaction rate.
Why does increasing temperature increase reaction rate?
Particles have more kinetic energy, collide more frequently and a greater proportion exceed the activation energy.
How does decreasing temperature affect reaction rate?
It decreases reaction rate.
How does adding a suitable catalyst affect reaction rate?
It increases reaction rate by lowering activation energy.
Does increasing reaction rate necessarily increase the final amount of product?
No, rate and final yield are different quantities.
Why should only one variable be changed in a rate investigation?
To ensure the effect on rate is caused by the independent variable.