Couses of the civil war MR T CLASS

DIscrimination

A policy or an attitude that denies equal rights to a certain group of people.

Cotton gin

An engine "gin" that used two rollers and thin wire teeth to separate the seeds from the cotton fibers.

Eli Whitney

A Connecticut schoolteacher who invented a machine to remove the seeds from raw cotton.

Cotton Kingdom

An area of the United States referring to cotton plantations which stretched from South Carolina through Alabama and Mississippi to Texas.

Cash Crop

To sell a crop for profit instead of being used by the grower.

describe the SOUTHERN economy

Relied on crops and agriculture from plantations

describe the Northern economy

Industrial and manufacturing, and trade. People make inventions to make things faster and more efficient.

What invention allowed the Southern economy to expand so quickly?

Cotton Gin

What invention allowed the Northern economy to expand so quickly?

steam power trains and railroads

What was the most significant effect of the cotton gin on the South?

The farmers could clean their cotton fast and effectively and farmers could make more money

How did slaves not receiving a wage (pay check) affect the Southern economy?

The southern economy "grows" because it is free labor and they can get more money. But if they paid their slaves the economy would grow way more because they could use that money to invest that money into the economy. It reduced the need for the southern industry.

How did factory workers receiving a wage (pay check) affect the Northern economy?

Paid workers increased the need for northern industry because the workers have money to buy things in the north.

Missouri Compromise

A compromise proposed by Senator Henry Clay where Missouri would be admitted as a slave state and Maine as a free state

slave state

States where slavery is legal.

Free state

states where slavery is illegal

Sectionalism

When citizens feel more loyalty toward their state than toward their country.

Manifest Destiny

A popular belief in the 19th century was that American citizens should fulfill their destiny by GOD to spread their democratic rule from sea to shining sea.

Wilmot Proviso

David Wilmot, a congressman from Pennsylvania, called for this law which banned slavery in any lands won from Mexico.

Free Soil Party

A new political party that emerged during the 1848 presidential election whose goal was to keep slavery out of the western territories.

Compromise of 1850

A series of five bills passed to keep the balance of power between slave and free states after the United States acquired new territory in the Mexican American War.

Fugitive Slave Law of 1850

A series of laws to satisfy the South which were enacted by Congress as part of the Compromise of 1850.

Fugitive

A person who has escaped from a place or is in hiding, especially to avoid arrest or persecution.

Civil war

A war between people of the same country.

Abolitionist

People who wanted to abolish or do away with slavery.

American Colonization Society

A society who believed that the United States should establish an independent colony in Africa to which enslaved people who were freed could be transported.

Reformers

Activists who tried to improve society by challenging current political and social ideas.

Frederick Douglass

The best known African American abolitionist who toured the country talking about the horrors of slavery and started his own abolitionist newspaper called the North Star.

William Lloyd Garrison

This dramatic and fiery editor of the abolitionist newspaper The Liberator, spoke his controversial opinions openly and without apology.

Underground Railroad

A network of abolitionists who secretly helped self- emancipated people reach freedom in the Northern free-states or Canada.

Harriet Tubman

An escaped enslaved person who became a "conductor" in the Underground Railroad and helped to free thousands of enslaved people.

Planter

A Farmer Who Enslaves Over 20 Enslaved People.

Cottonocracy

The small percentage of wealthy southern families enslaving 50 or more enslaved people were given this title because they made a vast fortune from growing and selling cotton.

Slave codes

A group of laws passed by southern states to discourage enslaved people from rebelling or running away

Denmark Vesey

A free African American and skilled carpenter, who organized arebellion in Charleston but was captured and executed before the rising could begin.

Nat Turner

An enslaved man who led the deadliest slave rebellion in the history of the United States on August 21, 1831.