med term - 05 cardiology

cardiologists

Diagnose and treat diseases and conditions of the cardiovascular system

• coronary artery disease, heart valve disease

• cardiac arrhythmias, myocardial infarctions

• hypertension, heart failure, many others

cardiologists diagnose

coronary artery disease, heart valve disease

cardiologist diagnose

cardiac arrhythmias, myocardial infarctions

cardiologists diagnose

hypertension, heart failure, many others

cardiovascular technologists

perform variety of procedures

cardiovascular technologists procedures

electrocardiography, echocardiography

cardiovascular technologists procedures

exercise stress testing

cardiovascular system consists of:

1. Heart

• Composed of cardiac muscle tissue

• contracts to push blood through blood vessels

2. three types of blood vessels

Arteries

carry blood away from heart

2. three types of blood vessels

veins

carry blood toward heart

2. three types of blood vessels

capillaries

• oxygen and nutrients are delivered here

• carbon dioxide and wastes are picked up

angi/o

vessel

aort/o

aorta

arteri/o

artery

arteriol/o

arteriole

ather/o

fatty substance, plaque

atri/o

atrium

cardi/o, coron/o

heart

embol/o

plug

isch/o

to hold back

phleb/o

vein

sphygm/o

pulse st

steth/o

chest

thromb/o

clot

valv/o, valvul/o

valve

varic/o

dilated vein

vas/o, vascul/o

blood vessel

ven/o

vein

ventricul/o

ventricle

venul/o

venule

angi/o combining form meaning vessel

build a term meaning:

• record of a vessel = angiogram

• vessel tumor = angioma

aort/o is the combining form meaning aorta

build a term meaning:

• pertaining to the aorta = aortic

• surgical repair of the aorta = aortoplasty

arteri/o combining form meaning artery

build a term meaning:

• pertaining to an arteriole = arteriolar

arther/o combining form meaning fatty substance, plaque

• 
  

-sclerosis suffix meaning hardening

build a term meaning:

• hardening of plaque = atherosclerosis

arti/o combining form meaning atrium

build a term meaning:

• pertaining to between the atria = interatrial

• pertaining to the atrium and ventricle = atrioventricular

cardi/o and coron/o combining forms meaning heart

build a term meaning:

• heart pain = cardiodynia

• pertaining to the heart = coronary

embol/o combing form meaning plug, embolus

build a term meaning:

• state of (having) an embolus = embolism

isch/o combining form meaning to hold back

build a term meaning:

• condition of blood being held back = ischemia

phleb/o and ven/o combining forms meaning vein

build a term meaning:

• record of a vein = phlebogram

• pertaining to within a vein = intravenous

steth/o combining form meaning chest

build a term meaning:

• instrument for viewing [listening to] the chest = stethoscope

thromb/o combining form meaning blood clot, thrombus

build a term meaning:

• pertaining to a clot = thrombotic

• to destroy a clot = thrombolysis

valv/o and valvul/o combining forms meaning valve

build a term meaning:

• small valve = valvule

• inflammation of a valve = valvulitis

varic/o combining form meaning dilated vein, varicosity

build a term meaning:

• pertaining to a varicosity = varicose

vas/o and vascul/o combining forms meaning (blood) vessel.

build a term meaning:

• involuntary muscle contraction of a (blood) vessel = vasospasm

• pertaining to the heart and blood vessels = cardiovascular

ventricul/o combining form meaning ventricle

build a term meaning:

• pertaining to between the ventricles = interventricular

venul/o combining form meaning venule

build a term meaning:

• pertaining to a veule = venular

arrhythmia

irregular heartbeat

auscultation

listening to sounds within body, such as heart or lungs, by using a stethoscope

bradycardia

abnormally slow heart rate below 60 beats per minute (bpm)

blood pressure

measurement of the pressure exerted by blood against walls of blood vessel; reported as two numbers, such as 120/80; top number is systolic pressure, which represents pressure in blood vessels while heart is contracting; bottom number is diastolic pressure, which represents pressure in blood vessels while heart is relaxing; systolic pressure is always higher than diastolic pressure

coronary artery bypass graft (CABG)

open-heart surgery in which a blood vessel, often a leg vein, is grafted to route blood around an occluded coronary artery

cardiac arrest

complete stoppage of all heart activity, both electrical signals and muscle contractions

coronary artery disease

chronic heart disease caused by arteriosclerosis or atherosclerosis of coronary arteries; also called arteriosclerotic heart disease

fibrillation

abnormal quivering or contractions of heart fibers; occurrence within fibers of ventricle of heart may result in cardiac arrest and death; emergency equipment to defibrillate is necessary

hypertension

blood pressure above the normal range; usually systolic pressure above 130 mmHg or diastolic pressure above 80 mmHg

hypotension

blood pressure lower than 90/60 mmHg; can occur in shock, infection, cancer, anemia, or as death approaches

infarct

area of tissue necrosis (death) that develops from ischemia (lack of blood flow depriving tissue of oxygen)

tachycardia

abnormally fast heart rate greater than 100 beats per minute (bpm)va

varicose veins

swollen and distended veins, most commonly in legs

angina pectoris

severe chest pain c

congestive heart failure

condition that develops when the heart muscle cannot pump blood forcefully enough

cardiology: sound it out

end-ar-teh-REK-toh-mee

endarterectomy

cardiology: sound it out

AN-jee-oh-plas-tee

angioplasty

cardiology: sound it out

brade-ee-KAR-dee-ah

bradycardia

cardiology: sound it out

VAY-zoh-spazm

vasospasm

cardiology: sound it out

pol-ee-an-jee-EYE-tis

polyangiitis

cardiology: sound it out

en-doh-kar-DYE-tis

endocarditis

cardiology: sound it out

fleh-BYE-tis

phlebitis

cardiology: sound it out

AN-yoo-rizm

aneurism

cardiology: sound it out

sfig-moh-mah-NOM-eh-ter

sphygmomanometer