Kapitel 28: Grammatik, Gefühle, und Wörterbucharbeit

Vocabulary and key conceptual flashcards covering German grammar (Passivfähigkeit), neurobiology of love, emotional terminology, dictionary conventions, and chapter speaking exercises from Kapitel 28.

Passivfähigkeit

The grammatical ability of verbs to form the passive voice; verbs that do not express an active action or do not have an active subject cannot form the passive.

Verben, die Zustände ausdrücken

State-expressing verbs (such as sein, liegen, sich befinden) that cannot form the passive voice.

Verben der Zustandsveränderung

Verbs expressing a change of condition or state (such as sterben, explodieren, wachsen, entstehen) that are incapable of forming the passive voice.

Verben des Wissens

Verbs of knowledge or perception (such as wissen, erfahren, kennen, kennenlernen) that do not allow passive voice formation.

Verben, die Besitz oder Besitzänderungen anzeigen

Verbs indicating possession or changes of possession (such as besitzen, bekommen, kriegen, erhalten) that cannot form the passive voice.

Transitive Verben mit Mengenangabe

Transitive verbs that take a quantity measurement as an accusative object (such as kosten, enthalten, umfassen, dauern), which cannot form the passive voice.

Unpersönliche Verben

Impersonal verbs with fixed dummy subjects (such as es gibt, es handelt sich um, es regnet) that cannot form the passive.

Intransitive Verben mit Perfekt auf 'sein'

Intransitive verbs that form their perfect tense with 'sein' (such as gelingen, passieren, geschehen); they generally cannot form the passive, though exceptions like 'kommen' and 'gehen' exist.

Auslösen

A German verb meaning to trigger, cause, or bring about an emotional or physiological reaction.

Ausschütten

A German verb meaning to secrete, release, or pour out substances such as hormones from the brain.

Das limbische System

A brain region activated by the sight of a loved person that controls feelings of reward and euphoria.

Dopamin

A hormone released by the brain that acts on the limbic system and induces euphoria in a person in love.

Serotonin

A hormone acting in the central nervous system and cardiovascular system that is broken down during love; a deficiency in it produces symptoms resembling a neurotic illness.

Die Zuneigung

A German noun referring to affection or fondness toward a person, pet, country, or sports club.

Der Zweifel

A German noun meaning doubt; in the context of being in love, it is typically cast aside ('beiseitegeschoben').

Einsprachiges Wörterbuch

A monolingual dictionary providing target-language definitions, grammatical classifications (e.g., verb transitivity), pronunciations, collocations, and idiomatic expressions.

Stress (Wörterbucheintrag)

Defined in the dictionary as an unpleasant strain caused by problems ('eine unangenehme Belastung durch Probleme') or as conflict/quarreling ('Ärger, Streit').

Im Stress sein

An idiomatic expression defined as having a lot of work and little time ('viel Arbeit und wenig Zeit haben').

Physisch (Wörterbucheintrag)

An adjective defined as 'körperlich, den Körper betreffend' (physical, relating to the body), whose direct antonym is 'psychisch'.

Vergehen (Bedeutung 1)

An intransitive verb conjugated with 'ist' meaning to pass by or elapse ('vorbeigehen, passieren'), as in 'Die Zeit verging sehr schnell'.

Vergehen (Bedeutung 2)

An intransitive verb conjugated with 'ist' meaning to cease or vanish ('aufhören, verschwinden'), as in 'Der Schmerz vergeht'.

Jmdm. vergehen (Bedeutung 3)

A verb phrase conjugated with 'ist' meaning to lose a positive sensation or feeling ('ein positives Gefühl verlieren'), as in losing one's appetite ('Mir vergeht der Appetit!').

Vor etw. (D) vergehen (Bedeutung 4)

An intransitive construction conjugated with 'ist' meaning to experience an emotion overwhelmingly or intensely ('etw. (A) sehr intensiv fühlen'), such as languishing from lovesickness.

Sich an jmdm. vergehen (Bedeutung 5)

A reflexive verb construction conjugated with 'hat' meaning to commit (sexual) violence against someone ('jmdm. (sexuelle) Gewalt antun').

Sich an etw. (D) vergehen (Bedeutung 6)

An elevated/formal reflexive verb construction conjugated with 'hat' meaning to steal something or harm something ('etw. (A) stehlen, etw. (D) schaden'), such as someone's savings.

Das Höchste der Gefühle

A German idiom found in dictionaries denoting the absolute maximum or utmost limit of what can be expected or experienced.

Bestimmungswort

The modifying or specifying initial word in a German compound noun (such as 'Stress-' in 'Stresssituation' or 'Stressfaktor').

Grundwort

The head or base element at the end of a German compound noun (such as '-gefühl' in compound words denoting types of feelings).

Emotionen in Film und Literatur (Präsentation)

A speaking task requiring students to prepare a presentation of approximately two minutes about a film or book covering the plot, characters, and emotions felt.