midterm senior symp

positive psychology

scientific study of human flourishing,the good life, focuses on mental well being rather than physical, it is applied to improve lives

hedonic well being

maximizing pleasure and minimizing pain

eudaimonic well being

personal fulfillment

subjective well-being

high positive affect, low negative affect, life satisfaction

PERMA

Positive emotions

Engagement

Relationships

Meaning

Accomplishments

can well-being improve?

it can be improved, intentional activities determine 40% of happiness

what are strengths?

talents (innate patterns of thought feeling, or behavior that can be productively applied) plus knowledge and skill which each require effort to develop

clifton strengths

qualtiies that help people operate at their best

• morally neutral

• self assurance

• positivity

• adaptability

• analytic ability

character strengths

qualtities that help people live good, meanigniful lives

• morally valued

• forgiveness

• hope

• fairness

• honesty

what are values

enduring beliefs about what is most important

schwarts classification of values

• self transcendence (universalism, benevolence)

• openness to change (self direction, stimulation)

• self enhancement (power, achievement)

• conservation (tradition, conformity, security)

locke & latham’s goal-setting theory says that effective goals have the following elements…

• they are simple

• clear

• challenging but doable

• person is committed to goal

• person receives feedback on progress

gollwitzer’s implementation intention

writing if then plans increases likelihood of following through on goals

hope theory

goals are motivating when ppl have pathways to achieve them

hope includes…

• goals (what ppl want to get, do, be, accomplish or experience)

• pathways (plans or strategies for achieving goal)

• agency (motivation to work toward goals)

self efficacy

one’s belief in one’s ability to succeed in specific situations or accomplish a task

self efficacy can be fostered by

• starting small to build up

• seeing role models succeed

• publicly stating goals creates social accountability, which increases follow-through because ppl want to appear reliable

two types of motivation

instrinsic

extrinsic

intrinsic motivation

desire to perform behavior because it is personally rewarding or good for its own sake

• curiousity

• enjoyment

• sense of accomplishment

• associated with creativity, persistence, and goal achievement

extrinsic motivation

desire to perform a behavior because it enables you to earn a reward or avoid punishment

• praise

• grades

• money

• Effective for motivating ppl to do simple, short term tasks, it can undermine intrinsic motivation

overjustification effect

tendency for instrinsic motivation to decrease when an extrinsic incentive is added

maslows hierarchy of needs

proposed that ppl are motivated to achieve certain needs and that certain needs much be achieved before people are motivated to do others

• self actualization

• esteem

• love/belonging

• safety

• biological & physiological

self actualization (self fulfillment needs)

meeting ones full potential in life

esteem (psychological needs)

respect, status, recognition, strength, self-esteem

love/belonging (psychological needs)

friendship, intimacy, family, connections

safety (basic needs)

security, health, finances, shelter

biological and physiological (basic needs)

food, sleep, water

according to self-determination theory

people are more instrincially motivated to perform activities that fulfill the basic need for competence, autonomy, and social relatedness

humans 3 basic needs

competence

autonomy

relatedness

competence

need to be effective in dealing with environment

autonomy

need to control the course of their lives

relatedness

need to have a close, affectionate relationship w/ others

is there a 4th basic human need

martela and Ryan say beneficence

bakker says personal growth

mcclellands acquired needs theory

motivation comes from 3 learned needs

• achievement (seek challenges)

• affiliation (desire close relations)

• power (influence others)

ppl have a blend, but one usually dominates, shaping their work preferences.

herzbergs 2 factor theory

motivators

hygiene factors

motivators

factors that influence work motivation and satisfaction (recognition, responsibility, growth)

hygiene factors

factors that prevent job dissatisfaction but don’t motivate (salary, working conditions, supervision)

flow

state of full engagement in intrinsically rewarding activity

• occurs when activities challenge matches or slightly exceeds one’s skill level

conditions that facilitate flow

• balance of challenge and skill

• setting a clear proximal goal

• reducing distractions

• immediate feedback