3. Courtroom & Layout

a standard trial courtroom

một phòng xử án tiêu chuẩn

Example: The diagram shows the layout of a standard trial courtroom.

be seated behind an elevated bench

ngồi sau bục xét xử được nâng cao

Example: The judge is seated behind an elevated bench.

be adjacent to the judge’s bench

nằm liền kề bục thẩm phán

Example: The witness stand is adjacent to the judge’s bench.

accommodate the court reporter

bố trí chỗ cho thư ký tốc ký tòa án

Example: A slightly larger section accommodates the court reporter.

stand against the courtroom wall

đứng sát tường phòng xử

Example: The bailiff stands against the courtroom wall.

throughout the proceedings

trong suốt quá trình tố tụng

Example: The bailiff remains in the courtroom throughout the proceedings.

observe court procedure

tuân thủ thủ tục tòa án

Example: The bailiff ensures that court procedure is observed.

maintain order in the courtroom

duy trì trật tự trong phòng xử

Example: Court officers maintain order in the courtroom.

directly in front of the judge’s bench

ngay phía trước bục thẩm phán

Example: The clerk’s desk is directly in front of the judge’s bench.

the central courtroom area known as the well

khu vực trung tâm phòng xử gọi là ‘the well’

Example: The court clerk sits in the area known as the well.

record court proceedings

ghi lại diễn biến phiên tòa

Example: The court clerk records court proceedings.

transfer documents between the lawyers and the judge

chuyển tài liệu giữa luật sư và thẩm phán

Example: The bailiff transfers documents between the lawyers and the judge.

be authorised to cross the well

được phép đi qua khu vực ‘the well’

Example: Only the bailiff is authorised to cross the well during a session.

be expressly forbidden

bị nghiêm cấm rõ ràng

Example: Unauthorised crossing is expressly forbidden.

be seated at the defendant’s table

ngồi tại bàn của bị cáo

Example: The defendant and defence lawyer are seated at the defendant’s table.

be known as the accused

được gọi là bị cáo/người bị buộc tội

Example: The defendant is also known as the accused.

the lawyer for the defence

luật sư bào chữa

Example: The lawyer for the defence challenged the witness’s account.

the lawyer for the prosecution

công tố viên/luật sư bên công tố

Example: The lawyer for the prosecution presented the case.

bring a case against the defendant

đưa vụ án chống lại bị cáo ra tòa

Example: The prosecution brings the case against the defendant.

sit with the plaintiff

ngồi cùng nguyên đơn

Example: In a civil case, the lawyer may sit with the plaintiff.

be located close by

nằm ở ngay gần đó

Example: The jury box is located close by.

sit in the jury box

ngồi trong khu vực bồi thẩm đoàn

Example: Twelve members of the public sit in the jury box.

deliver the final verdict

đưa ra phán quyết cuối cùng

Example: The jury is responsible for delivering the final verdict.

the gallery for spectators

khu ghế dành cho người dự khán

Example: Members of the public sit in the gallery for spectators.

pass the bar

đi qua khu vực dành riêng cho người hành nghề pháp lý

Example: Only authorised court participants may pass the bar.