Psych Chapter 3 & 11: Developmental Psychology

Francis Galton

Was the firs to use the phrase Nature vs Nature.

A phrase that describes our genetic disposition & heredity, our DNA

Nature

A segment of DNA that contains instructions for protein

Gene

Particular genetic variation or alleles you carry.

Genotype

Your observable characteristics

Phenotype

The probability that a trait in one person will be shared by another.

Concordance

The first 28 days of human life, where babies are sleeping for 16-18 hours, can move their arms and legs, and there communication is crying. They also have many involuntary responses to stimuli, and prefer stimuli that resembles a face.

Newborn life

Physical development occurs from your heads to toes, and midline out, and the congntitive development revolves around Piagets theory.

Infancy and Childhood

The first stage of Piagets theory, that starts of birth and last to two years old. They experience object permanence, the ability to form mental representations of objects that are no longer present (separation anxiety).

Sensorimotor Stage (Birth - 2 years)

The second stage of Piagets therory, where language acquisition is developed as well as illogical reasoning. But aren’t able to grasp conservation (the ability to understand that changing an object form of appearance will not change its quality), and has a limited ability to understand point of view, they believe everything they see is the same as what they are seeing.

Preoperational Stage (2 - 6 years old)

The third stage of Piagets Theory, where humans can now think logically and follow rules, but can not grasp hypotheticals or think abstractly.

Concrete Operational Stage (6 - 11 years old)

The fourth stage of Piagets Theory, where humans can now handle abstract concepts & have improved problem solving.

Formal Operational Stage (11 - adulthood)

Individuals gain knowledge by interactions with others.

Lev Vygotskys approach on human development

The understanding that others have thought that are different from their own.

Theory of Mind (ToM)

Prevailing patterns of mood, activity, and emotional responsiveness.

Temperament

Emotional bond linking an infant and a caregiver.

Attachment

A parenting style that includes low parental support, but high behavior regulations, often leading to rebellious children.

Authoritarian Parenting Style

A parenting style that includes high parental support, but high behavior regulations, often leading to the best outcome with your children

Authoritative Parenting Style

A parenting style that includes low parental support, and low behavior regulations, often leading to children that feel ignored.

Uninvolved Parenting Style

A parenting style that includes High parental support, but low behavior regulations, often leading to children that never hear the word no.

Indulgent Parenting Style

Period of development beginning with puberty & ending at young adulthood, this is the second critical period of brain growth.

Adolescence physical development

Physical: muscle mass decreases at 25

Cognition: Learning to be okay with there is no right answers

Relationship: Solid Identity with self.

Adulthood

Level 1: Driven by punishment, and self interest

Level 2: Driven by interpersonal accord and obedience of authority

Level 3: Driven by social contract, and ethical principle, most people don’t reach this stage.

Adolescence Moral development