CH15 - Compression

edema

the presence of abnormal amounts of fluid in the extracellular tissue spaces of the body

endothelial cell

cells that line the cavities of vessels

endothelial-derived relaxing factor

relaxes smooth muscle and stimulates blood flow rates in veins

fibrils

connective tissue fibers supporting the lymphatic capillaries

joint swelling

accumulation of blood and joint fluid within the joint capsule

intermittent claudication

a cramping or aching muscle pain in the legs that happens during physical activity like walking or running and goes away after short rest

lymph

a transparent slight yellow liquid found in the lyphatic vessels

lymphedema

swelling of subcutaneous tissues as a result of accumulation of excessive lymph fluid

pitting edema

a type of swelling that leaves a pit-like depression when the skin is compressed

Edema following injury or surgery can be effectively managed using a _____ _____ program.

compression pump

Lymphedema is swelling in the subcutaneous tissues that results from an excessive accumulation of lymph and usually occurs over several _____ following the injury.

hours

Muscle activity, active and passive movements, elevated positions, respiration, and blood vessel pulsation all aid in what?

movement of lymph

What parameters must be adjusted when using most intermittent pressure devices?

all of these

The combination of _____ and compression has been shown to be clincally effective in treating some edema conditions.

cold

Sequential compression pumps were designed to incorporate the massage effect of a _____-to-_____ pressure with a gradual decrease in the pressure gradient.

distal, proximal

T/F: One of the roles of the lymphatic system is to remove excess proteins from interstitial fluid.

T

T/F: The lymphatic system runs parallel to the arterial system.

T

T/F: None of the lymphatic vessels has muscular linings.

F

Excessive accumulation of lymph fluid in subcutaneous tissues is called

lymphedema

Which of the following are responsible for lymph movement?

all of these

At what minimum setting should the pressure be when using intermittent compression devices?

greater than or equal to 30 mmHg

How long should most intermittent compression treatments last, bearing in mind patient comfort?

20-30 minutes

What may be combined with compression treatment?

both of these

Which of the following is not a contraindication to intermittent compression?

intermittent claudication

Maximum pressure should correspond to the _____ blood pressure

diastolic

The addition of __________ to intermittent compression has shown the best results in the reduction of post-acute injury edema.

cryotherapy

The use of _____, _____, _____, _____, and _____ slows the accumulation of fluid and keeps the lymphatic system operating at an optimal level.

ice, compression, electricity, elecation, gentle motion