Dendrology Species/Family List

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Last updated 5:31 PM on 10/9/26
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113 Terms

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Ginkgo (Ginkgo biloba)

Ginkgoaceae

Only genus and species in the Ginkgoaceae

Living trees can be incredibly old 3500 years (china)

Fossils date back 200 million years

<p>Ginkgoaceae</p><p>Only genus and species in the Ginkgoaceae</p><p>Living trees can be incredibly old 3500 years (china)</p><p>Fossils date back 200 million years</p>
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Pinaceae: Pine Family

11 genera, 234 species

1 genus, 2 species (possibly 3) native to Arkansas

Mostly N. Hemisphere; warm temperate to above tree limit N. of Arctic Circle

Trees (some shrubs)

Tissues aromatic from abundant resin canals

(wood and leaves)

Leaves acicular (needle-shaped) or linear (flat or square)

deciduous or persistent (45 years)

alternate; may be twisted

solitary or in fascicles (Pinus)

Plants monoecious (both male and female cones on single individual)

Pollen usually saccate (bladders)

Male cones are deciduous after pollen release

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Pinus Genus

Evergreen shrubs and trees

Cones conic or cylindric; scales armed or unarmed

Hybridization and introgression common

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Longleaf Pine (Pinus palustris)

Pinaceae

Non-native in AR

Needles 20-50 cm long, seed cones 15-25 cm long

<p>Pinaceae</p><p>Non-native in AR</p><p>Needles 20-50 cm long, seed cones 15-25 cm long</p>
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Eastern White Pine (Pinus strobus)

Pinaceae

Non-native in AR

Needles 4-23 cm long, seed cones up to 15 cm long

Needles grouped in fascicles of 5, seed cones lacking a prickle at the tip of each scale

<p>Pinaceae</p><p>Non-native in AR</p><p>Needles 4-23 cm long, seed cones up to 15 cm long</p><p>Needles grouped in fascicles of 5, seed cones lacking a prickle at the tip of each scale</p>
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Shortleaf/Yellow Pine (Pinus echinata)

Pinaceae

Native to AR

Needles 7-12 cm long, seed cones 4-6 cm long, bark plates with conspicuous resin pockets, majority of fascicles with 2 needles

<p>Pinaceae</p><p>Native to AR</p><p>Needles 7-12 cm long, seed cones 4-6 cm long, bark plates with conspicuous resin pockets, majority of fascicles with 2 needles</p>
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Loblolly Pine (Pinus taeda)

Pinaceae

Native to AR

Needles 13-23 cm long, seed cones 6-15 cm long, bark plates lacking resin pockets, majority of fascicles with 3 needles

<p>Pinaceae</p><p>Native to AR</p><p>Needles 13-23 cm long, seed cones 6-15 cm long, bark plates lacking resin pockets, majority of fascicles with 3 needles</p>
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Virginia Pine (Pinus virginiana)

Pinaceae

Non-native to AR

Needles grouped only in fascicles of 2

Needles 4-8 cm long, strongly twisted

<p>Pinaceae</p><p>Non-native to AR</p><p>Needles grouped only in fascicles of 2</p><p>Needles 4-8 cm long, strongly twisted</p>
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Spruce Pine (Pinus glabara)

Pinaceae

(Possibly) Native to AR

Needles grouped only in fascicles of 2

Needles not twisted

Tight bark

<p>Pinaceae</p><p>(Possibly) Native to AR</p><p>Needles grouped only in fascicles of 2</p><p>Needles not twisted</p><p>Tight bark</p>
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Cupressaceae: Redwood and Cypress Family

Cosmopolitan; mostly Northern Hemisphere; warm to cold temperate

30 genera, 152 species

2 genera, 3 species native to Arkansas

Shrubs to large trees (112m tall & 11.4m in diameter at base);aromatic; wood may be rot-resistant

Leaves alternate, opposite or whorled, Linear or scales (minute)

Plants monoecious or dioecious (Juniperus)

Female cones woody, leathery or fleshy

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Bald Cypress (Taxodium distichum)

Cupresseaceae

Monoecious

Leaves simple, alternate

Deciduous

Often dominate flooded forests

Individual trees can be up to 2500 years old!!!!!

Buttress roots

Pneumatophores (Cypress knees)

<p>Cupresseaceae</p><p>Monoecious</p><p>Leaves simple, alternate</p><p>Deciduous</p><p>Often dominate flooded forests</p><p>Individual trees can be up to 2500 years old!!!!!</p><p>Buttress roots</p><p>Pneumatophores (Cypress knees)</p>
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Juniperus Genus

Shrubs to small trees

Bark reddish-brown

Dioecious

Leaves heteroblastic (juvenile leaves differ from mature leaves)

Juvenile leaves: needles

Mature leaves: scales

Cones globose; fleshy, small; with few fleshy scales fused into a berry-like cone

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Eastern Redcedar (Juniperus virginiana)

Cupresseaceae

Native to AR

Turns brownish red during the winter

Pollen cones (male)

Seed cones (female)

<p>Cupresseaceae</p><p>Native to AR</p><p>Turns brownish red during the winter</p><p>Pollen cones (male)</p><p>Seed cones (female)</p>
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Ashes Juniper (Juniperus ashei)

Cupresseaceae
Native to AR

Not as common in Arkansas, often restricted to areas of shallow soils with exposed bedrock

Remains green throughout the winter

Seed cones are larger than J. virginiana (6-9mm wide)

<p>Cupresseaceae<br>Native to AR</p><p>Not as common in Arkansas, often restricted to areas of shallow soils with exposed bedrock</p><p>Remains green throughout the winter</p><p>Seed cones are larger than J. virginiana (6-9mm wide)</p>
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Black Cherry (Prunus serotina)

Rosaceae

Native to AR

bark w/ lenticels

leaves alternate, simple

finely serrated leaves

white flowers (look like Honey-Suckles)

<p>Rosaceae</p><p>Native to AR</p><p>bark w/ lenticels</p><p>leaves alternate, simple</p><p>finely serrated leaves</p><p>white flowers (look like Honey-Suckles)</p>
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Southern Red Oak (Quercus falcata)

Fagaceae

Native to AR

Leaves alternate, simple

sharp bristles at ends of leaves, bell-shaped base

<p>Fagaceae</p><p>Native to AR</p><p>Leaves alternate, simple</p><p>sharp bristles at ends of leaves, bell-shaped base</p>
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Blackjack Oak (Quercus marilandica)

Fagaceae

Native to AR

Leaves alternate, simple

sharp bristles

<p>Fagaceae</p><p>Native to AR</p><p>Leaves alternate, simple</p><p>sharp bristles</p>
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Swamp Chestnut Oak (Quercus michauxii)

Fagaceae

Native to AR

Leaves alternate, simple
unlobed, 10-15 rounded teeth on each side

oblong acorns

fuzzy leaves

<p>Fagaceae</p><p>Native to AR</p><p>Leaves alternate, simple<br>unlobed, 10-15 rounded teeth on each side</p><p>oblong acorns</p><p>fuzzy leaves</p>
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Flowering Dogwood (Cornus florida)

Cornaceae

Native to AR

Leaves opposite, simple

blocky bark

<p>Cornaceae</p><p>Native to AR</p><p>Leaves opposite, simple</p><p>blocky bark</p>
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Persimmon (Diospyros virginiana)

Ebenaceae

Native to AR

leaves simple, alternate

bulbous flowers

blocky bark

<p>Ebenaceae</p><p>Native to AR</p><p>leaves simple, alternate</p><p>bulbous flowers</p><p>blocky bark</p>
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White Oak (Quercus alba)

Fagaceae

Native to AR

leaves simple, alternate

loose, flakey light bark

long acorns

<p>Fagaceae</p><p>Native to AR</p><p>leaves simple, alternate</p><p>loose, flakey light bark</p><p>long acorns</p>
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Sweetgum (Liquidambar styraciflua)

Altingiaceae

Native to AR

leaves simple, alternate

looks like maple leaves

spikey balls

<p>Altingiaceae</p><p>Native to AR</p><p>leaves simple, alternate</p><p>looks like maple leaves</p><p>spikey balls</p>
23
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Winged Elm (Ulmus alata)

Ulmaceae

Native to AR

leaves simple, alternate

twigs have corky wings

<p>Ulmaceae</p><p>Native to AR</p><p>leaves simple, alternate</p><p>twigs have corky wings</p>
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Willow Oak (Quercus phellos)

Fagaceae

Native to AR

leaves simple, alternate

thin and unlobed leaves

<p>Fagaceae</p><p>Native to AR</p><p>leaves simple, alternate</p><p>thin and unlobed leaves</p>
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Eastern Redbud (Cercis canadensis)

Fabaceae

Native to AR

leaves simple, alternate

legumes

pink/purple flowers in the early spring

<p>Fabaceae</p><p>Native to AR</p><p>leaves simple, alternate</p><p>legumes</p><p>pink/purple flowers in the early spring</p>
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Water Oak (Quercus nigra)

Fagaceae

Native to AR

leaves simple, alternate

leaves unlobed/barely lobed at top

<p>Fagaceae</p><p>Native to AR</p><p>leaves simple, alternate</p><p>leaves unlobed/barely lobed at top</p>
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Sassafras (Sassafras albidum)

Native to AR

leaves simple, alternate

smells like fruitloops

some leaves lobed, some unlobed

<p>Native to AR</p><p>leaves simple, alternate</p><p>smells like fruitloops</p><p>some leaves lobed, some unlobed</p>
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Post Oak (Quercus stellata)

Fagaceae

Native to AR

leaves simple, alternate

T-shaped lobed leaves

very few lobes beneath 2 main lobes

lighter bark, parallel furrows

<p>Fagaceae</p><p>Native to AR</p><p>leaves simple, alternate</p><p>T-shaped lobed leaves</p><p>very few lobes beneath 2 main lobes</p><p>lighter bark, parallel furrows</p>
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Winged Sumac (Rhus copallinum)

Anacardiaceae

Native to AR

Leaves oddly-pinnately compound, alternate

twigs with red lenticels

rachis winged

red or green berries

<p>Anacardiaceae</p><p>Native to AR</p><p>Leaves oddly-pinnately compound, alternate</p><p>twigs with red lenticels</p><p>rachis winged</p><p>red or green berries</p>
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Smooth Sumac (Rhus glabra)

Anacardiaceae

Native to AR

Leaves oddly-pinnately compound, alternate

red or green berries

<p>Anacardiaceae</p><p>Native to AR</p><p>Leaves oddly-pinnately compound, alternate</p><p>red or green berries</p>
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Black Willow (Salix nigra)

Salicaceae

Native to AR

Leaves alternate, simple

many narrow, pointed leaves, unlobed

long yellow flowers

<p>Salicaceae</p><p>Native to AR</p><p>Leaves alternate, simple</p><p>many narrow, pointed leaves, unlobed</p><p>long yellow flowers</p>
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Pecan (Carya illinoinensis)

Juglandaceae

Native to AR

Leaves alternate, odd pinnately compound (9-17 leaflets)

pecan shells have winged sutures

<p>Juglandaceae</p><p>Native to AR</p><p>Leaves alternate, odd pinnately compound (9-17 leaflets)</p><p>pecan shells have winged sutures</p>
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Silver Maple (Acer saccharinum)

Sapindaceae

Native to AR

Leaves simple, opposite

paired samaras

<p>Sapindaceae</p><p>Native to AR</p><p>Leaves simple, opposite</p><p>paired samaras</p>
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Hackberry (Celtis occidentalis)

Cannibaceae

Native to AR

Leaves simple, alternate

base of leaves asymmetrical

bark w/ blocky protrusions

<p>Cannibaceae</p><p>Native to AR</p><p>Leaves simple, alternate</p><p>base of leaves asymmetrical</p><p>bark w/ blocky protrusions</p>
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Sweetbay Magnolia (Magnolia virginiana)

Magnoliceae

Native to AR

Leaves simple, alternate (sometimes whorled)

<p>Magnoliceae</p><p>Native to AR</p><p>Leaves simple, alternate (sometimes whorled)</p>
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Tulip Poplar (Liriodendron tulipifera)

Magnoliceae

Native to AR

Leaves simple, alternate

4-lobed leaves, look like tulips

<p>Magnoliceae</p><p>Native to AR</p><p>Leaves simple, alternate</p><p>4-lobed leaves, look like tulips</p>
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Sycamore (Platanus occidentalis)

Plantanaceae

Native to AR

Leaves simple, alternate

leaves are toothed and look like maple

bark comes off in sheets, white underneath

<p>Plantanaceae</p><p>Native to AR</p><p>Leaves simple, alternate</p><p>leaves are toothed and look like maple</p><p>bark comes off in sheets, white underneath</p>
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Black Walnut (Juglans nigra)

Juglandaceae

Native to AR

Leaves alternate, pinnately compound (15-23 leaves)

green, round fruits

<p>Juglandaceae</p><p>Native to AR</p><p>Leaves alternate, pinnately compound (15-23 leaves)</p><p>green, round fruits</p>
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River Birch (Betula nigra)

Betulaceae

Native to AR

Leaves alternate, simple

peeling bark

toothed leaves

<p>Betulaceae</p><p>Native to AR</p><p>Leaves alternate, simple</p><p>peeling bark</p><p>toothed leaves</p>
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Honey Locust (Gleditsia triacanthos)

Fabaceae

Native to AR

Leaves alternate, pinnately compound and double-pinnately compound

thorns on trunks/branches

large seed pods

<p>Fabaceae</p><p>Native to AR</p><p>Leaves alternate, pinnately compound and double-pinnately compound</p><p>thorns on trunks/branches</p><p>large seed pods</p>
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White Mulberry (Morus alba)

Moraceae

Native to AR

Leaves alternate, simple

leaves are asymmetrical, toothed

<p>Moraceae</p><p>Native to AR</p><p>Leaves alternate, simple</p><p>leaves are asymmetrical, toothed</p>
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Sawtooth Oak (Quercus acutissima)

Fagaceae

Non-native to AR

Leaves alternate, simple

leaves narrow (like Willow Oak), many sharp teeth w/ bristles

acorns have stringy attachments

<p>Fagaceae</p><p>Non-native to AR</p><p>Leaves alternate, simple</p><p>leaves narrow (like Willow Oak), many sharp teeth w/ bristles</p><p>acorns have stringy attachments</p>
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Fagaceae: Beech Family

Global Diversity: 927 species, 8-10 genera

Habitat: mainly Northern Hemisphere (temperate & tropical)

3 genera native to AR, 30 species

Fagus:1 spp

Castana: 2 spp

Quercus: 27 spp

2 non-natives: Chinese Chestnut and Sawtooth Oak

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American Beech (Fagus grandifola)

Fagaceae

Native to AR, only true Beech in AR

leaves simple, alternate

bark smooth, lighter color

spikey cupule fruit (bur)

<p>Fagaceae</p><p>Native to AR, only true Beech in AR</p><p>leaves simple, alternate</p><p>bark smooth, lighter color</p><p>spikey cupule fruit (bur)</p>
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Ozark Chinquapin (Castanea ozarkenis)

Fagaceae

Native to AR

leaves alternate, simple

dry upland woodlands, bluffs, glade margins

<p>Fagaceae</p><p>Native to AR</p><p>leaves alternate, simple</p><p>dry upland woodlands, bluffs, glade margins</p>
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Allegheny Chinquapin (Castanea pumila)

Fagaceae

Native to AR, not in Craighead CO

leaves/spines on cupules smaller than Ozark Chinquapin

<p>Fagaceae</p><p>Native to AR, not in Craighead CO</p><p>leaves/spines on cupules smaller than Ozark Chinquapin</p>
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White Oak Group

10 Species native to AR

6 Species native to Craighead/surrounding CO

no bristles

acorns have less tannins, preferred by mammals

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Overcup Oak (Quercus lyrat)

Fagaceae

Native to AR

Leaves alternate, simple

similar to Post Oak, sharper margins, thinner leaves

acorn has top covering most of nut

<p>Fagaceae</p><p>Native to AR</p><p>Leaves alternate, simple</p><p>similar to Post Oak, sharper margins, thinner leaves</p><p>acorn has top covering most of nut</p>
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Chinquapin Oak (Quercus muehlenbergii)

Fagaceae

Native to AR

leaves alternate, simple

dry to mesic forests

serrated like a swamp chestnut, more sharp edges and smaller leaves

lack hairs on leaves

<p>Fagaceae</p><p>Native to AR</p><p>leaves alternate, simple</p><p>dry to mesic forests</p><p>serrated like a swamp chestnut, more sharp edges and smaller leaves</p><p>lack hairs on leaves</p>
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Bur Oak (Quercus macrocarpa)

Fagaceae

Native to AR, not in Craighead

leaves simple, alternate

thick, protruding bark

acorns have stringy tops

leaves similar to Overcup Oak

<p>Fagaceae</p><p>Native to AR, not in Craighead</p><p>leaves simple, alternate</p><p>thick, protruding bark</p><p>acorns have stringy tops</p><p>leaves similar to Overcup Oak</p>
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Northern Red Oak (Quercus rubra)

Fagaceae

Native to AR

leaves simple, alternate

bark has light stripes

large acorns

prominent bristles (Red Oak)

<p>Fagaceae</p><p>Native to AR</p><p>leaves simple, alternate</p><p>bark has light stripes</p><p>large acorns</p><p>prominent bristles (Red Oak)</p>
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Black Oak (Quercus veluntina)

Fagaceae

Native to AR

leaves alternate, simple

leaves are very variable

hairs on undersides of leaves

very dark bark

acorn cap covers most of nut

<p>Fagaceae</p><p>Native to AR</p><p>leaves alternate, simple</p><p>leaves are very variable</p><p>hairs on undersides of leaves</p><p>very dark bark</p><p>acorn cap covers most of nut</p>
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Fagaceae

Native to AR

leaves alternate, simple

bark has less furrows than other oaks

smaller leaves, very prominent bristles

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Pin Oak (Quercus palustrus)

Fagaceae

Native to AR

leaves alternate, simple

small, striped acorns

lower branches droop down

<p>Fagaceae</p><p>Native to AR</p><p>leaves alternate, simple</p><p>small, striped acorns</p><p>lower branches droop down</p>
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Cherrybark Oak (Quercus pagota)

Fagaceae

Native to AR

leaves alternate, simple

3 main triangle-shaped lobes w/ deep furrows

branches have lenticels

<p>Fagaceae</p><p>Native to AR</p><p>leaves alternate, simple</p><p>3 main triangle-shaped lobes w/ deep furrows</p><p>branches have lenticels</p>
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Nuttall Oak (Quercus texana)

Fagaceae

Native to AR

leaves alternate, simple

acorns longer than wide, often w/ vertical stripes

<p>Fagaceae</p><p>Native to AR</p><p>leaves alternate, simple</p><p>acorns longer than wide, often w/ vertical stripes</p>
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Laurel Oak (Quercus laurifolia)

Fagaceae

Native to AR

leaves alternate, simple

swamp/bottomland forest

similar to Willow Oak/Water Oak, wider leaves

<p>Fagaceae</p><p>Native to AR</p><p>leaves alternate, simple</p><p>swamp/bottomland forest</p><p>similar to Willow Oak/Water Oak, wider leaves</p>
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Scarlet Oak (Quercus coccinea)

Fagaceae

Native to AR

leaves alternate, simple

leaves are bright orange/red

acorns have “halos“ at the base

<p>Fagaceae</p><p>Native to AR</p><p>leaves alternate, simple</p><p>leaves are bright orange/red</p><p>acorns have “halos“ at the base</p>
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Red Oak Group

bristles present

Total number of species native to AR: 17

Total species in Craighead/adjacent Counties: 7

Maple Leaf Oak: endemic to AR (not in Craighead CO), conservation concern

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Ulmaceae: Elm Family

6-7 genera, 45 species

Siberian Elm and Chinese Elm invasive in AR

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Water Elm (Planera aquatica)

Ulmaceae

Native to AR

only species in genus Planera

bottomland habitat

drupe fruits ripe in april, corky protrusions

leaves simple, alternate

irregularly serrated

shaggy bark

samara fruits

<p>Ulmaceae</p><p>Native to AR</p><p>only species in genus Planera</p><p>bottomland habitat</p><p>drupe fruits ripe in april, corky protrusions</p><p>leaves simple, alternate</p><p>irregularly serrated</p><p>shaggy bark</p><p>samara fruits</p>
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Genus Ulmus

35-45 accepted species

AR: 6 species, 1 species of concern

4 species in Craighead CO

1 additional species in Poinsett CO

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Cedar Elm (Ulmus crassifola)

Ulmaceae

upper sides of leaves are scabrous (sandpapery)

can also have wings

apex is more rounded than Winged Elm

fruits in fall (Sept.-Nov.)

<p>Ulmaceae</p><p>upper sides of leaves are scabrous (sandpapery)</p><p>can also have wings</p><p>apex is more rounded than Winged Elm</p><p>fruits in fall (Sept.-Nov.)</p>
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American Elm (Ulmus americana)

Ulmaceae

large leaves

leaf base asymmetrical, double-serrated

leaf vein does not have prominent forks, 3 or less if present

samara fruits

bark is red and tan in cross section

<p>Ulmaceae</p><p>large leaves</p><p>leaf base asymmetrical, double-serrated</p><p>leaf vein does not have prominent forks, 3 or less if present</p><p>samara fruits</p><p>bark is red and tan in cross section</p>
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Slippery Elm (Ulmus rubrus)

Ulmaceae

leaves same size of American Elm

forked veins @ leaf margins

samara fruits (March & April)

bark layered, not as contrasting

sandpapery

<p>Ulmaceae</p><p>leaves same size of American Elm</p><p>forked veins @ leaf margins</p><p>samara fruits (March &amp; April)</p><p>bark layered, not as contrasting</p><p>sandpapery</p>
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September Elm (Ulmus serotina)

Ulmaceae

native to Craighead CO

only Elm that flowers in Fall

samaras ripe in Oct.

leaves very similar to American/Slippery Elm

<p>Ulmaceae</p><p>native to Craighead CO</p><p>only Elm that flowers in Fall</p><p>samaras ripe in Oct.</p><p>leaves very similar to American/Slippery Elm</p>
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Salicaceae: Willow Family

Ulmaceae

woody shrubs/trees

Catkin fruits

2 genera, 8 species native to AR

Populus and Salix genera

1 invasive and 2 species of concern

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Genus Populus

30-34 species

variety of diff habitats in N. hemisphere

2 species native to AR, 1 invasive

large leaves, simple, alternate

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Swamp Cottonwood (Populus heterophylla)

Salicaceae

native to AR

capsule fruits in catkins

leaves serrated

base is uneven, heart-shaped

<p>Salicaceae</p><p>native to AR</p><p>capsule fruits in catkins</p><p>leaves serrated</p><p>base is uneven, heart-shaped</p>
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Eastern Cottonwood (Populus deltoides)

Salicaceae

native to AR

rounded serrations

round, heart-shaped

<p>Salicaceae</p><p>native to AR</p><p>rounded serrations</p><p>round, heart-shaped</p>
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White Poplar (Populus alba)

Salicaceae

invasive in AR

bark very light, look like Aspens

<p>Salicaceae</p><p>invasive in AR</p><p>bark very light, look like Aspens</p>
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Sandbar Willow (Salix interior)

Salicaceae

Native to AR

lower leaf surface green

leaf margins with teeth widely spaced

capsules arranged in catkins

shrubs/trees

wetland species

<p>Salicaceae</p><p>Native to AR</p><p>lower leaf surface green</p><p>leaf margins with teeth widely spaced</p><p>capsules arranged in catkins</p><p>shrubs/trees</p><p>wetland species</p>
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Prairie Willow (Salix humilus)

Salicaceae

Native to AR

prairies, dry forests, glades

shrubs

lower leaf surface lighter

wavy margins

<p>Salicaceae</p><p>Native to AR</p><p>prairies, dry forests, glades</p><p>shrubs</p><p>lower leaf surface lighter</p><p>wavy margins</p>
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Silky Willow (Salix sericia)

Salicaceae

Native to AR, conservation concern

lower leaf surface pubescent, white

<p>Salicaceae</p><p>Native to AR, conservation concern</p><p>lower leaf surface pubescent, white</p>
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Carolina Willow (Salix caroliniana)

Salicaceae

Native to AR

lower leaf surface white

glabrous (no hairs)

simple, alternate

stipules present and showy

<p>Salicaceae</p><p>Native to AR</p><p>lower leaf surface white</p><p>glabrous (no hairs)</p><p>simple, alternate</p><p>stipules present and showy</p>
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Missouri Willow (Salix humilis)

Salicaceae

Native to AR, not Craighead CO

lower leaf surface bluish-grey

leaves elliptic to ovoid, wider than most willows

stipules present and showy

areas of running water

<p>Salicaceae</p><p>Native to AR, not Craighead CO</p><p>lower leaf surface bluish-grey</p><p>leaves elliptic to ovoid, wider than most willows</p><p>stipules present and showy</p><p>areas of running water</p>
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Annonaceae: Custard Apple Family

108 genera, 2400 species

largely tropical and subtropical

2 species native to AR

Soursops and Paw Paws

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PawPaw (Asimina tribola)

Annonaceae

Native to AR

small trees

flowers Aug-Oct, smells like rotten flesh to attract flies

large leaves, simple, alternate

fruits-berry

<p>Annonaceae</p><p>Native to AR</p><p>small trees</p><p>flowers Aug-Oct, smells like rotten flesh to attract flies</p><p>large leaves, simple, alternate</p><p>fruits-berry</p>
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Dwarf PawPaw (Asimina parviflora)

Annonaceae

Native to AR, only southwest region (conservation concern)

small leaves, simple, alternate

very small flowers/fruits

dry upland

<p>Annonaceae</p><p>Native to AR, only southwest region (conservation concern)</p><p>small leaves, simple, alternate</p><p>very small flowers/fruits</p><p>dry upland</p>
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Cannibaceae: Hemp Family

11 genera, 170 species

Celtis genus is the only woody genus

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Sugarberry (Celtis laevigata)

Cannibaceae

Native to AR

Leaves simple, alternate w/ 3 prominent veins

corky worts

drupe fruits (Apr-May)

<p>Cannibaceae</p><p>Native to AR</p><p>Leaves simple, alternate w/ 3 prominent veins</p><p>corky worts</p><p>drupe fruits (Apr-May)</p>
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Moraceae: Mulberry Family

37 genera, 1200 species

AR: 2 genera, 2 species, 1 invasive genera/species

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Osage-Orange (Maclura pomifera)

Moraceae

Native to AR, only in southwest region

bark is orange-brown, furrowed

leaves simple, alternate

fruits multiples of achenes, bright green (not edible)

<p>Moraceae</p><p>Native to AR, only in southwest region</p><p>bark is orange-brown, furrowed</p><p>leaves simple, alternate</p><p>fruits multiples of achenes, bright green (not edible)</p>
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Red Mulberry (Morus rubra)

Moraceae

Native to AR

leaves simple, alternate, leaf lobes very variable

leaves serrated

fruits multiple of achenes

<p>Moraceae</p><p>Native to AR</p><p>leaves simple, alternate, leaf lobes very variable</p><p>leaves serrated</p><p>fruits multiple of achenes</p>
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Possumhaw (Ilex decidua)

Aquifoliaceae

Holly

Native to AR

leaves simple, alternate

<p>Aquifoliaceae</p><p>Holly</p><p>Native to AR</p><p>leaves simple, alternate</p>
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Southern Sugar Maple (Acer floridanum)

Sapindaceae

Native to AR

Opposite, simple, and palmately lobed (usually 3 to 5 lobes)

smooth, entire margins lacking sharp serrations

green above and paler, fuzzy below.

<p>Sapindaceae</p><p>Native to AR</p><p>Opposite, simple, and palmately lobed (usually 3 to 5 lobes)</p><p>smooth, entire margins lacking sharp serrations</p><p>green above and paler, fuzzy below.</p>
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Hophornbeam (Ostrya virginiana)

Betulaceae

Native to AR

leaves simple, alternate

rough bark

<p>Betulaceae</p><p>Native to AR</p><p>leaves simple, alternate</p><p>rough bark</p>
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Green Ash (Fraxinus pennsylvanica)

Oleaceae

Native to AR

opposite, pinnately compound leaves (usually 5 to 9 leaflets)

<p>Oleaceae</p><p>Native to AR</p><p>opposite, pinnately compound leaves (usually 5 to 9 leaflets)</p>
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Muscadine (Vitis rotundifolia)

Native to AR

simple unbranched tendrils

leaves simple, alternate, glossy, nearly rounded leaves with thick teeth

grape-like berries

<p>Native to AR</p><p>simple unbranched tendrils</p><p>leaves simple, alternate, glossy, nearly rounded leaves with thick teeth</p><p>grape-like berries</p>
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Trumpet Creeper (Campsis radicans)

aerial rootlets along stem (not tendrils) and mature woody vines

opposite, odd-pinnately compound leaves (7-11 leaflets)

orange/red trumpet-shaped flowers, pollinated with hummingbirds

<p>aerial rootlets along stem (not tendrils) and mature woody vines</p><p>opposite, odd-pinnately compound leaves (7-11 leaflets)</p><p>orange/red trumpet-shaped flowers, pollinated with hummingbirds</p>
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Crossvine (Bignonia capreolata)

leaves opposite, compound with 3 leaflets

tendrils

<p>leaves opposite, compound with 3 leaflets</p><p>tendrils</p>
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Poison Ivy (Toxicodendron radicans)

alternate, compound leaves w/ 3 leaflets

middle leaflet has longer stem

can be vines or shrubs

uneven

urushiol compound causes reaction

confused w/ poison oak/sumac

<p>alternate, compound leaves w/ 3 leaflets</p><p>middle leaflet has longer stem</p><p>can be vines or shrubs</p><p>uneven</p><p>urushiol compound causes reaction</p><p>confused w/ poison oak/sumac</p>
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Virginia Creeper (Parthenocissus quinquefolia)

alternate, palmately compound leaves w/ 5 leaflets

leaflets coarsely toothed

<p>alternate, palmately compound leaves w/ 5 leaflets</p><p>leaflets coarsely toothed</p>
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Japanese Honeysuckle (Lonicera japonica)

opposite, simple

highly invasive

paired leaves not fused around stem

<p>opposite, simple</p><p>highly invasive</p><p>paired leaves not fused around stem</p>
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Rattan Vine (Berchemia scandens)

twining

very long when mature (can be 60 ft long)

leaves simple, alternate

wavy margins

<p>twining</p><p>very long when mature (can be 60 ft long)</p><p>leaves simple, alternate</p><p>wavy margins</p>
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Purple Passionflower (Passiflora incarnata)

fast-growing native

alternate leaves, deeply lobed (3 lobes)

<p>fast-growing native</p><p>alternate leaves, deeply lobed (3 lobes)</p>
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Yellow Passionflower (Passiflora lutea)

alternate leaves, not as deeply lobed

<p>alternate leaves, not as deeply lobed</p>
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Roundleaf Greenbriar (Smilax rotundifolia)

leaves simple, alternate, with 3 prominent veins

prominent tendrils

dioecious

prickles w/ dark tips

rounded leaves

leaves underside green

<p>leaves simple, alternate, with 3 prominent veins</p><p>prominent tendrils</p><p>dioecious</p><p>prickles w/ dark tips</p><p>rounded leaves</p><p>leaves underside green</p>
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Cat Greenbriar (Smilax glauca)

leaves simple, alternate, with 3 prominent veins

prominent tendrils

dioecious

triangular

leaves underside white

<p>leaves simple, alternate, with 3 prominent veins</p><p>prominent tendrils</p><p>dioecious</p><p>triangular</p><p>leaves underside white</p>
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Saw Greenbriar (Smilax bona-nox)

leaves simple, alternate, with 3 prominent veins

prominent tendrils

dioecious

variable shape, mostly triangular

leaves have prickles

white mottling

<p>leaves simple, alternate, with 3 prominent veins</p><p>prominent tendrils</p><p>dioecious</p><p>variable shape, mostly triangular</p><p>leaves have prickles</p><p>white mottling</p>