anatomy ch.11: axial muscles- vertebral column, respiration, and abdominal wall

what do erector spinae muscles help determine?

they help determine posture

what three groups of muscles are considered erector spinae muscles helping with posture?

iliocostalis, longissimus, and spinalis

how do the three muscle groups of the erector spinae work together to determine posture and vertebral movement?

a bilateral contraction (muscles on both sides) will extend the vertebral column and a unilateral contraction (only one side) will flex the vertebral column towards active muscles

what do external intercostals do during respiration?

they elevate the ribs during inhalation

what do internal intercostals do during respiration?

they depress the ribs during forced exhalation

what does the diaphragm do during respiration?

enlarges the thoracic cavity during inhalation

what is the most important muscle for breathing?

the diaphragm

what is the dome of the diaphragm shaped with and what does that do?

the central tendon. when the central tendon is pulled inferiorly, it enlarges the thorax

what does diaphragm contraction increase and what is it important for?

it increases intra-abdominal pressure, which is important for urination and child birth among other things

what are the four pairs of muscles that form the abdominal wall?

external oblique, internal oblique, transverse abdominis and rectus abdominis

for the rotator cuff muscles, what pneumonic can you use?

SITS