pH, Water properties, Basic chem

Basic Chem, water properties, pH

0 on pH scale

Most acidic

7 on pH scale

Neutral

14 on pH scale

Most basic

0-6

Acidic

8-14

Basic

Cohesion

Water attracted to water

Adhesion

Water attracted to other polar molecule

Surface Tension

Water molecules sticking to each other

Water

Takes lot of energy to break H-bonds

Highest boiling point

Helps maintains homeostasis for organisms

Stabilizes worlds temperature

Good solvent

Ice

Less dense than water

Forms in a crystal shape

Flouts on water

Atom

Smallest unit of matter

Element

A substance made up of one type of atom

Compound

A substance made of two or more different atoms

Nucleus

Center of Atom

Made up of Protons(+ve) and Neutrons (No charge)

Orbit/shell/electron shell

Place where Electrons(-ve) are found circling the nucleus

Valence shell

Outer most electron shell

CHONPS

Carbon

Hydrogen

Oxygen

Nitrogen

Phosphorus

Sulfer

Atomic number

Number of Protons

Atomic mass

Protons+Neutrons

Isotope

Same atom, different number of neutrons

Octel Rule

2,8,8 electron

Atoms bond TO

Become more stable

Fill outer shell

Ionic Bonds

Atom donates electron to another atom making a Ion

Salt

Compounds held together with ionic bonds

Covalent Bonds

Atoms share electrons forming bonds

Molecule

Held together with covalent bond

Structural Formula

H-O-H

Molecular Formula

H2O

Hydrogen Bonds

Weak attractions between polar molecules

Polar molecules

Molecules with a slightly +ve end and a slightly -ve end