Consumer Behavior

Which category of influences in consumer behavior includes culture subculture and family

External influences.

Which category of influences in consumer behavior includes perception learning and memory

Internal influences.

What is the final step in the consumer decision process model

Postpurchase processes.

What term describes complex capabilities and habits acquired by humans as members of society

Culture.

What cultural rules specify boundaries for acceptable thinking and acting

Norms.

What term describes modifying products or campaigns to fit local regional tastes and languages

Localization.

What category of cultural values describes how a society views relationships between individuals and groups

Other-oriented values.

What category of cultural values describes a society relationship to its physical and technical environment

Environment-oriented values.

What category of cultural values reflects the life objectives that individuals find desirable

Self-oriented values.

What term describes the penalties imposed when cultural norms are violated

Sanctions.

Which time perspective views time as a linear tangible resource to be scheduled efficiently

Monochronic time perspective.

Which time perspective views time as fluid and emphasizes relationships over schedules

Polychronic time perspective.

What term describes a group of individuals sharing a common social political and economic environment

A generation or age cohort.

What process explains and predicts the attitudes values and behaviors of an age group

Cohort analysis.

What term describes position relative to others on dimensions valued by society

Societal rank or social standing.

According to the social stratification model what directly determines social standing

Socioeconomic factors.

According to the social stratification model what outcome directly flows from social standing

Unique behaviors.

What segment of a larger culture shares distinguishing values and patterns of behavior

Subculture.

What process assimilates individuals into a culture that is not their native culture

Acculturation.

Which major US ethnic subculture exhibits the highest average levels of education and income

Asian Americans.

According to demographic projections which ethnic subculture will represent the largest percentage of the US population by 2045

Hispanic or Latino.

What national origin represents the largest segment within the Asian American subculture

Chinese.

What unit consists of all people who occupy a single housing unit

Household.

What household type requires at least two members related by birth marriage or adoption

Family household.

What household type consists of a householder living alone or with nonrelatives

Nonfamily household.

According to US census data what approximate percentage of households are family households

65.1 percent.

In family purchase roles who is the person that first recognizes a need

Initiator.

In family purchase roles who holds expertise and gathers information about the purchase

Information gatherer.

In family purchase roles who sways the evaluated alternatives and final choice

Influencer.

In family purchase roles who makes the ultimate selection choice

Decision maker.

In family purchase roles who conducts the actual financial transaction or exchange

Purchaser.

In family purchase roles who consumes or uses the acquired product

User.

What process describes young people acquiring marketplace skills knowledge and attitudes

Consumer socialization.

Which consumer socialization process involves direct instruction through reasoning or reinforcement

Instrumental training.

Which consumer socialization process occurs when a child learns by observing others

Modeling.

Which consumer socialization process occurs when a parent alters a child interpretation of marketing stimuli

Mediation.

What group serves as a benchmark or comparison point for an individual current behavior

Reference group.

What type of group involves frequent direct interaction such as family and close friends

Primary group.

What type of group involves less frequent contact such as professional associations or work colleagues

Secondary group.

What non geographically bound community forms around structured social relationships among brand owners

Brand community.

Which reference group influence occurs when individuals use group behavior as useful information

Informational influence.

Which reference group influence occurs when individuals conform to gain rewards or avoid sanctions

Normative influence.

Which reference group influence occurs when individuals internalize group values and norms

Identification influence.

For a public necessity product what type of reference group influence exists on product and brand

Weak influence on product and strong influence on brand.

For a public luxury product what type of reference group influence exists on product and brand

Strong influence on product and strong influence on brand.

For a private necessity product what type of reference group influence exists on product and brand

Weak influence on product and weak influence on brand.

For a private luxury product what type of reference group influence exists on product and brand

Strong influence on product and weak influence on brand.

What specialist serves as a trusted source for product category information

Opinion leader.

Which communication model depicts marketing information flowing through opinion leaders to mass markets

Multistep flow of communication.

Under what combination of involvement and knowledge is the likelihood of seeking an opinion leader highest

High purchase involvement and low product knowledge.

Under what combination of involvement and knowledge is the likelihood of seeking an opinion leader lowest

Low purchase involvement and high product knowledge.

What category of innovation requires minor behavioral changes that are unimportant to consumers

Continuous innovation.

What category of innovation requires a moderate behavioral change or major change in an unimportant behavior

Dynamically continuous innovation.

What category of innovation requires major changes in behaviors of significant importance

Discontinuous innovation.

What is the first group of individuals to adopt an innovation according to diffusion theory

Innovators.

What is the final category of adopters in the diffusion of innovations model

Laggards.

What nonverbal communication factor relates to personal space boundaries across cultures

Space.

In the HLC matrix what dimension is combined with Household Life Cycle stages to segment markets

Occupational category.

What type of marketing links product sales to social causes or charitable causes

Cause-related marketing.

What term describes a subculture whose members share unique behaviors based on racial or national background

Ethnic subculture.