the first germanic consonant shift

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5 Terms

1
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1. loss of aspiration and fricativisation (Grimm’s Law)

bh dh ɡh ɡwh → β ð ɣ ɣw

2
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2. fricativisation of voiceless plosives (Grimm’s Law)

p t k kw → f θ x xw

3
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3. voicing of fricatives (Verner’s Law)

f θ x xw → β ð ɣ ɣw

4
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4. devoicing of plosives (Grimm’s Law)

b d ɡ ɡw → p t k kw

5
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5. defricativisation (Grimm’s Law and Verner’s Law)

β ð ɣ ɣw → b d ɡ ɡw