Visceral learn those terms PPT

a communication between two blood vessels without any intervening capillary network

anastomosis

a division of the abdominal aorta at the level of the umbilicus that supplies blood to the lower extremities

common iliac arteries

a disease of the arterial vessels marked by thickening, hardening, and loss of elasticity in the arterial walls

arteriosclerosis

largest venous abdominal vessel that conveys blood from the body below the diaphragm to the right atrium of the heart

IVC

largest tributaries that drain the liver and empty into the inferior vena cava at the level of the diaphragm

hepatic veins

arises from the celiac axis to supply the stomach and lower third of the esophagus

left gastric artery

localized dilation of the vessel

saccular aneurysm

collapsib le vascular structures that carry blood back to the heart

veins

drains the proximal half of the colon and small intestine; travels vertically (anterior to the inferior vena cava) to join the splenic vein to form the portal veins

SMV

transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt

TIPS

blood vessel that supplies the stomach

left gastric artery

outer layer of the vascular system; contains the vasa vasorum

tunica adventitia

arises inferior to the celiac axis to supply the proximal half of the colon and the small intestine

SMA

tiny arteries and veins that supply the walls of blood vessels

vasa vasorum

formed by the union of the superior mesenteric vein and the splenic vein near the porta hepatis of the liver

portal vein

peak systole minus peak diastole divided by peak systole (S-D/S=RI); an RI of 0.7 or less indicates good perfusion; an RI of 0.7 or hogher indicates decreased perfusion

resistive index

caused by increased resistance to venous flow through the liver; sonographic findings include dilation of the portal and splenic and mesenteric veins, reversal of portal venous blood flow, and the development of collateral vessels

portal venous hypertension

leaves the renal hilum to enter the lateral wall of the inferior vena cava

right renal vein

the sonogrpaher selects the exact site to record doppler signals and sets the sample volume (gate) at this site

doppler sample volume

small branch artery supplying the caudate and left lobes of the liver

left hepatic artery

thrombosis of the hepatic veins

budd-chiari syndrome

communication between an artery and a vein

arteriovenous fistula

largest arterial structure in the body; arises from the left ventricle to supply blood to the head, upper, and lower extremities, and abdominopelvic cavity

aorta

disease of the arterial vessels marked by thickening, hardening, and loss of elasticity in the arterial walls

arteriosclerosis

branch of the common hepatic artery that supplies the stomach and duodenum

gastroduodenal artery

arises from the posterolateral wall of the aorta directly into the hilus of the kidney

left renal artery

drains the left third of the colon and upper colon and joins the splenic vein

inferior mesenteric vein

flows away from the liver

hepatofugal

vessels that have a high diastolic component and supply organs that need constant perfusion (i.e., internal carotid artery, hepatic artery, and renal artery)

nonresistent

permanent localized dilation of an artery, with an increase in diameter of 1.5 times its normal diameter

aneurysm

minute vessels that connect the arterial and venous systems

capillaries

periportal collateral channels in patients with chronic portal vein obstruction

cavernous transformation of the portal vein

weakening of the arterial wall

cystic medial necrosis

tear in the intima and/or media of the abdominal aorta

dissecting aneurysm

condition in which the aortic wall becomes irregular from plaque formation

atherosclerosis

vascular structures that varry blood away from the heart

artery

circumferential enlargement of a vessel with tapering at both ends

fusiform aneurysm

arises from the anterior aortic wall at the level of the third or fourth lumbar vertebra to supply the left transverse colon, descending colon, sigmoid colon, and rectu.m

inferior mesenteric artery

arises from the posterolateral wall of the aorta directly into the hilus of the kidney

left renal artery

vessels that have little or reversed flow in diastole and that supply organs that do not need a constant blood supply (e.g., external carotid artery, brachial arteries)

resistive

change in spectral width that increases with flow disturbance

spectral broadening

pulsatile hematoma that results from leakage of blood into soft tissues abutting the punctured artery with fibrous encapsulation and failure of the vessel wall to heal

pseudoaneurysm

drains the spleen; travels horizontally across the abdomen (posterior to the pancreas) to join the superior mesenteric vein to form the portal vein

splenic vein

supplies the stomach

right gastric artery

one of the three vessels that arise from the celiac axis to supply the spleen, pancreas, stomach, and greater omentum

splenic artery

middle layer of the vascular system; veins have thinner tunica media than arteries

tunica media

periportal collateral channels in patients with chronic portal vein obstruction

cavernous transformation of the portal vein

supplies the gallbladder via the cystic artery

right hepatic artery

leaves the renal hilum and travels anterior to the aorta and posterior to the superior mesenteric artery to enter the lateral wall of the inferior vena cava

left renal vein

arises from the posterolateral wall of the aorta and travels posterior to the inferior vena cava to supply the kidney

right renal artery

the inner layer of the vascular system

tunica intima

arises from the celiac trunk to supply the liver

common hepatic artery