Endocrine System

What is the function of the nervous system?

maintaining homeostasis and regulating the function of cells throughout the body

What does the hypothalamus control?

The hypothalamus controls various autonomic functions, including temperature regulation, hunger, thirst, sleep-wake cycles, and the release of hormones from the pituitary gland, playing a crucial role in maintaining homeostasis.

What is Corticotropin (CRH) secreted by?

the hypothalamus, stimulates release of ACTH

What is Gonadotropin (GnRH) secreted by?

the hypothalamus, stimulates the release of FSH and LH from the pituitary gland

What is growth hormone- inhibiting hormone (GHIH) (somatostatin) secreted by?

hypothalamus, inhibits the release of GH

What is growth hormone-releasing hormone (GHRH) secreted by?

the hypothalamus, stimulates the release of PRL ?

What is prolactin-inhibiting (PIH) hormone secreted by?

hypothalamus, inhibits the release of PRL

What is prolactin-releasing hormone (PRH) secreted by?

hypothalamus, stimulates the release of PRL

What is Thyrotropin secreted by?

hypothalamus, stimulates the release of TSH

What is ACTH secreted by?

anterior pituitary, release of adrenal cortex hormones and catecholamines

What is follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) secreted by?

anterior pituitary, stimulates sperm production and stimulates the development of follicles and oocytes

What is growth hormone (non-tropic) secreted by?

anterior pituitary, stimulates growth and protein synthesis

What is LH secreted by?

anterior pituitary, stimulates interstitial cells (testosterone) and stimulates ovulation and production of estrogen and progesterone

What is prolactin (PRL) (non-tropic) secreted by?

anterior pituitary, milk production

What is thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) secreted by?

anterior pituitary, stimulates the thyroid gland to secret T3 and T4

What is antidiuretic hormone (ADH) (non tropic) secreted by?

posterior pituitary, stimulated water retention, maintains blood volume, decreases urine output

What is oxytocin secreted by?

posterior pituitary, stimulates uterine contractions, milk flow (let-down)

What is calcitonin secreted by?

thyroid, causes decrease in blood calcium ion levels

What is parathyroid hormone secreted by?

parathyroid, causes increase in blood calcium ion levels

What is triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4) secreted by?

thyroid, basal metabolic rate, growth and development, regulates body temp

What is aldosterone secreted by?

adrenal cortex, retention of sodium ions and water, causes potassium and hydrogen ion secretion into urine, regulates blood pressure

What is androgens secreted by?

adrenal cortex, can be converted to testosterone, creates pubic hairs

What is cortisol secreted by?

adrenal cortex, regulates glucose metabolism, helps body respond to long term stress, inhibits the inflammatory response

What is catecholamines secreted by?

adrenal medulla, increases heart rate, dilates airways constricts blood vessels to skin, digestive and urinary systems, dilates pupils, increases metabolic rate

What is insulin secreted by?

pancreas (beta cells), decreases blood glucose levels

What is glucagon secreted by?

pancreas (alpha cells), increases blood glucose levels

What is somatostatin secreted by?

pancreas (delta cells), inhibits insulin and glucagon secretion

What is thymosin secreted by?

thymus, promotes T lymphocyte maturation

What is thymopoietin secreted by?

thymus, promotes T lymphocyte maturation

What is testosterone secreted by?

testes, development of men.

What is progesterone secreted by?

ovaries, prepares body for pregnancy, supports fetal development

What is estrogen secreted by?

ovaries, development of women

What is melatonin secreted by?

pineal gland, regulates sleep/wake cycles, promotes sleep

What does basophils produce?

TSH, ACTH, FSH, and LH

which pancreas cells secrete glucagon

alpha

which pancreas cells secrete insulin

beta

which pancreas cells secrete somatostatin

delta

what adrenal cortex zone produces mineralocorticoid aldosterone

zona glomerulosa

what adrenal cortex zone produces only glucocorticoid cortisol?

zona fasciculata

what adrenal cortex zone produces glucocorticoid cortisol and androgenic steroids?

zona reticularis

what are gonads?

primary male and female reproductive organs that produce gametes