Comprehensive Topical English Vocabulary Review

Essential English vocabulary flashcards spanning family, character, education, food, transport, ecology, phrasal verbs, and conversational expressions covered in the lecture notes.

sibling

A brother or sister.

grandparents

The parents of a person's father or mother, specifically the grandfather and grandmother.

only child

A child who has no brothers or sisters.

ancestor

An early family member from a previous generation from whom a person is descended.

middle-aged

Being in the period of human life between youth and old age.

sensible

Having, showing, or acting with good judgment, practical wisdom, and reason.

sensitive

Quick to detect or respond to slight changes; easily affected or hurt emotionally.

reliable

Consistently trustworthy and able to be depended upon.

punctual

Arriving, occurring, or doing things exactly on time.

optimistic

Taking a hopeful and confident view about future events.

exhausted

Completely drained of physical or mental energy; extremely tired.

embarrassed

Feeling awkward, self-conscious, or ashamed.

bunk bed

A piece of furniture consisting of two beds placed one directly above the other.

wardrobe

A tall piece of furniture or large cupboard designed for storing and hanging clothes.

cosy

Giving a feeling of comfort, warmth, and peaceful relaxation.

boarding school

A school where pupils live and study during the school term.

timetable

A schedule listing the specific times at which school lessons or events occur.

recipe

A set of instructions giving ingredients and directions for preparing a dish.

ingredient

Any of the individual foods or substances that are combined together to make a dish.

vegetarian

A person who chooses not to eat meat or fish.

starter

A small dish served at the beginning of a meal before the main course.

fall

The American English term for the autumn season.

cookie

The American English term for a sweet biscuit.

pants

The American English term for trousers.

sneakers

The American English term for athletic shoes or trainers.

cashier

An employee who receives payments and handles money transactions in a shop or bank.

receipt

A written or printed paper confirming that goods have been paid for.

refund

An amount of money returned to a customer who brings back an item to a store.

first aid

Emergency medical help and treatment given immediately to an injured or sick person.

prescription

An official note written by a doctor that authorizes a specific medicine for a patient.

soccer

The American English term for the sport of football.

lorry

The British English term for a large motor truck used to transport goods.

subway

The American English term for an underground railway system.

pedestrian

A person traveling on foot along a road or pavement rather than inside a vehicle.

roundabout

A circular road junction where vehicles move in one direction around a central area.

endangered

At serious risk of extinction.

drought

A prolonged dry weather period characterized by a severe lack of rain.

deforestation

The large-scale clearing and cutting down of trees and forests.

greenhouse effect

The atmospheric warming phenomenon driven by trapped gases that leads to global warming.

renewable

A type of natural energy resource, such as solar or wind power, that is naturally replenished.

artificial intelligence

Computer technology and programs engineered to carry out tasks that normally require human intelligence.

architect

A specialist qualified to design buildings and supervise their construction.

unemployed

Being without a job or employment.

look forward to

To await an upcoming event with eager pleasure.

run out of

To use up the entire available supply of something so that none remains.

put off

To postpone or delay an activity until a later time.

give up

To stop or quit doing an activity or habit.

What a pity

A spoken phrase used to express sympathy, disappointment, or regret.

Never mind

A conversational phrase used to tell someone not to worry about an issue or concern.

By the way

An expression used in conversation to introduce a new topic or supplementary point.