U4: L12 The North and South in the 1800s

Vocabulary practice flashcards covering the economic, geographic, social, and technological differences between the North and South during the 1800s.

The primary method used to transport goods in the South during the 1800s.

River

What made the South better for growing crops that could not grow in the North?

mild winters and long, hot, humid summers

Primary form of transportation in the North in the 1800s

railroads

What led to cotton becoming the South's most important crop?

the cotton gin

The innovation that helped make river travel better

Steamboats

Agrarian vs. Industrialist

agrarian supports farming while an industrialist supports factories.

The majority in the South who worked their own fields rather than owning large plantations.

White Southern Families (1800s)

Southern Social Structure (1800s)

rich white plantation owners at the top, followed by white farmers and workers, and African Americans (mostly enslaved) at the bottom.

Time period with a shift from handmade products to machine-made products.

Industrial Revolution

What invention increased the demand for enslaved laborers in the South?

Cotton Gin

Who was known for building one of the first American textile (cloth) factories?

Francis Cabot Lowell

What group of Southerners held political and economic control in the South during the 1800s?

Wealthy Plantation Owners

What was the Industrial Revolution's Effect on Northern Farming?

It increased the rate at which things grown by farmers could be made.

Why did the south oppose laws for better roads and canals?

They believed these improvements would benefit only Northern states.

What was the jagged New England coastline good for?

shipbuilding, business, and fishing.

Persons who support an agricultural way of life; what most Southerners were during the 1800s.

Agrarians

What made the Southern coast ideal for growing sugarcane and rice?

Swamps and Marshes

What immigrant group in the United States faced more discrimination than German immigrants and was often prejudiced against for being Roman Catholic?

Irish Immigrants (1800s)

A major roadway funded by Congress in 1806 to connect the East with the western states.

National Road

The clearing of trees.

Deforestation

An influence that drives someone away from a location.

Push Factor

A large area of privately owned land where crops were grown by workers.

Plantation