Learn: Using MIS Chapter 6

10/100/1000 Ethernet

a type of Ethernet that conforms to the IEEE 802.3 protocol and allows for transmission at a rate of 10, 100, or 1000 Mbps (megabits per second)

Bluetooth

a common wireless protocol designed for transmitting data over short distances, replacing cables

cable line

cable television lines that provide high-speed data tranmission

cloud

a term that refers to elastic leasing of pooled computer resources over the Internet

commerce server

an application program that runs on a server tier computer; typical obtain product data from a database, manages items in users' shopping carts, and coordinates the checkout process

content delivery network (CDN)

an information system that serves content to Web pages over the Internet; to reduce wait time, data is typically stored and served from many geographical locations

database tier

in the three-tier architecture, the tier that runs the DBMS and receives and processes requests to retrieve and store data

digital subscriber line (DSL)

a communications line that operates on the same lines as voice telephones, but do so in such a manner that their signals to not interfere with voice telephone service

domain name

a worldwide unique name that is registered in the domain name system (DNS) and is affiliated with a public IP address

elastic

in cloud computing, the situation that exists when the amount of resources leased can be dynamically increased or decreased, programmatically, in a short span of time, and organizations pay for just the resource that they use; this term was first used this way by Amazon.com

encapsulated

a characteristic of systems designed in which the details of a process are hidden from users of that process; a formal interface is defined for the process that specifies how the process is to be accessed, what data it requires, and the data that it will produce; the means by which that process creates those results are never exposed, nor do they need to be

Ethernet

another name for the IEEE 802.3 protocol, Ethernet is a communications standard that specifies how messages are to be packaged, processed, and transmitted for wired transmissions over a LAN

File Transfer Protocol (ftp)

an application-layer protocol used to transfer files over the Internet

hop

in an internet, the movement from one network to another

https

an indication that a Web browser is using the SSL/TLS protocol to provide secure communication

Hypertext Transfer Protocol (http)

an application-layer protocol used between browsers and Web servers

ICANN (Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers)

the organization responsible for managing the assignment of public IP addresses and domain names for use on the Internet; each public IP address is unique across all computers on the Internet

IEEE 802.3 protocol

a standard for packaging and managing traffic on wired local area networks

IEEE 802.11 protocol

a standard for packaging and managing traffic on wireless local area networks

infrastructure as a service (IaaS)

the cloud hosting of a bare server computer or data storage

Internet

when spelled with a small i, a private network of networks; when spelled with a capital I, the public Internet

Internet service provider (ISP)

provides users with Internet access, legitimate Internet address; serves as the user's gateway to the Internet; and it passes communications back and forth between the user and the Internet; also pay for the Internet; collect money from their customers and pay access fees and other charges on the users' behalf

intranet

a private internet used within a corporation or other organization

IP address

a series of dotted decimals in a format like 192.168.2.28 that identifies a unique device on a network or internet

IPv4

the most commonly used Internet layer protocol; has a four-decimal dotted notation, such as 165193.123.253

IPv6

an Internet protocol that uses 128-bit addresses and is gradually replacing IPv44

local area network (LAN)

a network that connects computers that reside in a single geographic location on the premises of the company that operates the LAN; the number of connected computers can range from two to several hundred

network

a collection of computers that communicate with one another over transmission lines

over the Internet

when applied to cloud computing, the provisioning of world-wide servers over the Internet

packet analyzer

program used for appropriate purposes to read, record, and display all of the wireless packets that are broadcast in the vicinity of the computer running the analyzer

packet sniffers

program used for inappropriate purposes to read, record, and display all of the wireless packets that are broadcast in the vicinity of the computer running the sniffer

platform as a service (PaaS)

vendors provide hosted computers, an operating system, and possibly a DBMS

pooled

the situation in which many different organizations use the same physical hardware

private cloud

in-house hosting, delivered via Web service standards, which can be dynamically configured

private IP address

a type of IP address used within private networks and internets; assigned and managed by the company that operates the private network or internet

protocol

a set of rules for packaging and processing traffic on a network

public IP address

an IP address used to identify a particular device on the Internet; such IP addresses are assigned to major institutions in blocks by the Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers (ICANN); each IP address is unique across all computers and on the Internet

remote action system

an information system that provides action at a distance such as telesurgery or telelaw enforcement

server tier

in the three-tier architecture, the tier that consists of computers that run Web services for generating Web pages and responding to requests from browsers; Web servers also process application program

service-oriented architecture (SOA)

a design philosophy that dictates that all interactions among computing devices are defined as services in a formal, standardized way; makes clouds possible

Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (smtp)

the protocol used for email transmission

small office/home office (SOHO)

a business office with usually fewer than 10 employees often located in the business professional's home

software as a service (SaaS)

leasing hardware infrastructure, operating systems, and application programs to another organization

TCP/IP protocol architecture

a protocol architecture having five layers and one or more protocols defined at each layer; programs are written to implement the rules of a particular protocol

telediagnosis

a remote access system used by health care professionals to provide expertise in rural or remote areas

telelaw enforcement

a remote access system that provides law enforcement capability

telesurgery

a remote access system that links surgeons to robotic equipment and patients at a distance

text mining

the application of statistical techniques on text streams for locating particular words, patterns of particular words, and even correlating those word counts and patterns with personality profiles

the Internet

the public collection of networks used for transmitting data, worldwide

three-tier architecture

architecture used by most ecommerce server applications; the tiers refer to three different classes of computers; the user tier consists of users' computers that have browsers that request and process Web pages; the server tier consists of computers that run Web servers and the in the process generate Web pages and other data in response to requests from browsers; Web servers also process application programs; the third tier sit he database tier, which runs the DBMS that process the database

tunnel

a virtual,private pathway over a public or shared network from the VPN client to the VPN server

URL (Uniform Resource Locator)

an address on the Internet; consists of a protocol followed by a domain name or public IP address

user tier

in the three-tier architecture, the tier that consists of computers, phones, and other mobile devices that have browsers and request or process Web pages and other services

virtual private cloud (VPC)

a subset of a public cloud that has high restricted, secure access

virtual private network (VPN)

a WAN connection alternative that uses the Internet or a private internet to create the appearance of a private point-to-point connections; uses the public Internet to create the appearance of a private connection

WAN wireless

a communications system that provides wireless connectivity to a wide area network

Web page

document encoded in HTML that is created, transmitted, and consumed using the World Wide Web

Web servers

programs that run on a server-tier computer and that manage HTTP traffic by sending and receiving Web pages to and from clients and by processing client requests

wide area network (WAN)

a network that connects computers at different geographic locations