General & special senses

List the 6 general senses

• Temperature

• Pain

• Touch

• Pressure

• Vibration

• Proprioception (body position)

Nocioceptors?

Free nerve ending for pain

Mechanoreceptors?

Sense distortion on body tissues

Tactile receptors?

Sense touch

Baroreceptors?

Sense pressure

Proprioceptors?

Sense position of joints, tension in tendons and ligaments and state of muscular contraction

List the 5 special senses

• Olfaction (smell)

• Gustation (taste)

• Vision

• Equilibrium (balance)

• Hearing

Where are the olfactory organs located?

In nasal cavity on either side of nasal septum

What do olfactory glands secrete?

Olfactory to dissolve in so that receptors can detect smell

Where are gustatory receptors located?

Distributed over the surface of tongue and adjacent portions of pharynx and larynx

Define taste buds

Taste receptors and specialized epithelial cells located on surface of tongue

What is the function of lacrimal glands?

Produce tears

Tears contain lysozyme - What is its purpose?

Lysozyme helps to destroy bacteria

Conjunctive

Delicate membrane lining the eyelids

Sclera

White of the eye

Cornea?

The transparent outer covering of the eye

Iris?

A ring of muscle tissue that forms the colored portion of the eye around the pupil and controls the size of the pupil opening

Lens?

The transparent structure behind the pupil that changes shape to help focus images on the retina

Vitreous humor?

A transparent jellylike substance filling interior of the eyeball

Retina?

The light-sensitive inner surface of the eye that contains the receptor rods and cones plus layers of neurons that begin the processing of visual information

Optic nerve?

The nerve that carries neural impulses from the eye to the brain

What are the three main parts of the ear?

• Outer ear

• Middle ear

• Inner ear

External ear?

Outer structures of the ear that collect sound

Tympanic membrane?

The eardrum - A structure that separates the outer ear from the middle ear and vibrates in response to sound waves

Ossicles?

Three tiny bones in the middle ear:

• Malleus

• incus

• Stapes

Semicircular canals

Three canals within the inner ear that contain specializes receptors cells that generate nerve impulses with body movement

Cochlea?

A coiled, bony, fluid-filled tube in the inner ear through which sounds waves trigger nerve impulses

Auditory tube?

Channel between the middle ear and the nasopharynx

Oval window?

Membrane that covers the opening between the middle ear and inner ear