Reactions of functional groups

What is a functional group

group of atoms that are bonded togehter within a hydrocarbon and responsible for molecules chemical properties

what is a primary alcohol

OH group is attached to a terminal carbon and carbon is only bonded one 1 other carbon

what is a secondary alcohol

OH group is attached to a carbon that is bonded to 2 other carbons

what is a teritary carbon

OH group is bonded to a carbon that is bonded to 3 toher carbons

List in increasing reactivity of the types of alcohols

Tertiary ( inert) → secondary → primary

what is an aldehyde

has a carbonly group attached to a terminal carbon ( double bonded oxygen)

what is a ketone

has a carbonly group bonded to a carbon in middle of chain

what is suffix for aldehydes

al

what is a carboxylic acid

has a carbonly group (double bonded oxygen) and hydroxide group bonded to a terminal carbon

What is a primary amine

nitrogen that is bonded to 2 hydrogens and 1 carbon

what is a seondary amine

nitrogen is bonded to 1 hydrogen and 2 carbons

what is a tertiary amine

nitrogen bonded to 3 carbons and no hydrogens

what is an amide

has a carbonly group and amine group bonded to a carbon

what is an ester

has a carbon that has both a double bond to an oxygen and a single bond to another oxygen

when naming an ester the main chain must include…

carbon bearing the double bond must the included in longest chain

What reaction do all hydrocarbons go through

combustion

what is the balancing cheat code for combustion reaction of alcohol

CnH(2n+1) OH + 3n/2 O2 → nCO2 + (n+1) H2O

What are the products for a alcohol and group 1 metal reaction

oxide + H2

what are the observations for an alcohol and group 1 meatl reaction

solid metal dissolves and bubbles form

What does a primary alcohol produce when going through partial oxidation

produces an aldehyde

what does a primary alcohol produce when it goes through full oxidation

produces a carboxylic acid

what product is formed when a secondary alcohol oxidises

ketone

In redox reaction alcohol acts as a ..

reducing agent

what are the products of an alcohol and carboxylic acid

Ester + water

how is the water and ester formed from the reaction of alcohol and carboxylic acid

• H from alcohol combies with OH from carboxylic acid to form water

• O of alcohol bonds to carbon bearing double bonded oxygen to form ester

what is an obeservation when an ester is formed

produces a fruity smell