History and Foundations Midterm

What are the 7 core OT values?

Altruism, equality, freedom, justice, dignity, truth, prudence

This core value of OT is described as being all for others, selfless care, and dedication

Altruism

This core value of OT is described as equal rights, unbiased and fair treatment

Equality

This core value of OT is described as free choice, client autonomy, and independence

Freedom

This core value of OT is described as inclusion, moral/legal compliance

Justice

This core value of OT is described as due respect with unique personal worth

Dignity

This core value of OT is described as telling facts, accuracy, honesty, and accountability

Truth

This core value of OT is described as planning safely, clinical reasoning, and caution

Prudence

What are the 6 ethical principles of OT?

Beneficence, nonmaleficence, autonomy, justice, veracity, and fidelity

This ethical principle of OT is described as doing good and what would benefit the client

Beneficence

This ethical principle of OT is described as do no harm

Nonmaleficence

This ethical principle of OT is described as giving accurate, honest, objective information — truthful

Veracity

This ethical principle of OT is described as being faithful, respectful — trust

Fidelity

This ethical principle of OT is described as fairness and inclusion

Justice

This ethical principle of OT is described as the client’s automatic choice and privacy

Autonomy

Occupational therapist Kathy started a daily self-feeding program

for Mr. P. The therapist visits Mr. P at mealtime and explains the

proper use of the adapted spoon to the aide. Kathy discusses

how to work on independence and what assistance may still be

needed upon discharge. The therapist bills Mr. P an excessive

amount for the therapy she has provided. Which ethical principle

has been violated?

A. Justice

B. Veracity

C. Nonmaleficence

D. Autonomy

A. Justice

Tiffany, a 15-year-old teen, attending an outpatient group for

eating disorders, became exceptionally attached to the OT

practitioner, Mark. The teen calls Mark at home and begins to

discuss her intervention plan, telling Mark she got his phone

number from her cousin, whom Mark knows from school. Mark

continues to speak with Tiffany, and they arrange a lunch date

for the next day. Which ethical principle has been violated?

A. Autonomy

B. Justice

C. Nonmaleficence

D. Beneficence

C. Nonmaleficence

Sebastian, an OT practitioner, accepts a new job in a

school system that occasionally uses sensory

integration (SI) therapy. His only exposure to SI therapy

was in school several years earlier, and he does not

feel qualified to use it. Despite this, he begins to treat a

child with SI issues. Which ethical principle has been

violated?

A. Nonmaleficence

B. Beneficence

C. Justice

D. Veracity

B. Beneficence

Jackie is working in a skilled nursing facility and sees a

patient who clearly needs OT services. She is told by

her manager that she cannot provide those services

because the client has Medicaid, which won't cover OT

treatments. Instead, the manager insists that she

evaluate clients who have Medicare coverage but don't

necessarily need treatment. Which ethical principle has

been violated?

A. Veracity

B. Justice

C. Fidelity

D. Beneficence

B. Justice

You have just finished working with a client, and you

realize that you don’t have time to document what you

did in your treatment session. Before you know it, a

week has gone by and you failed to document his

progress. Which ethical principle has been violated?

A. Veracity

B. Fidelity

C. Beneficence

D. Justice

A. Veracity

Which of the following ethical principles includes avoid

conflicts of interest or conflict of commitment in

employment, volunteer roles, or research ?

A. Fidelity

B. Beneficence

C. Veracity

D. Justice

A. Fidelity

Which of the following core values is defined as

being concerned for the welfare of others, and

holding selfless concern?

A. Altruism

B. Prudence

C. Truth

D. Freedom

A. Altruism

When did occupational therapy start as a profession?

1917

What was an effective therapeutic intervention in early 1900s for mental health?

Arts and crafts

Who were sent to France during WWI to work with servicemen with physical and mental concerns?

Reconstruction aids (OT bluebirds)

What was the signature injury of WWI?

Shell shock

True or false: Idleness is negative to spirit and body, increasing suffering and degeneration

True

Who directed the first OT school and then AOTA for two decades?

Eleanor Clarke Slagle

Who were the first OT textbook authors?

Willard and Spackman

OTs mostly worked with veterans until what illness started having them work with kids?

Polio

True or false: After WWII, OTs shifted to physical rehab.

True

This OT key figure organized the first professional school for OT practitioners

Eleanor Clarke Slagle

This OT key figure emphasized the importance of structured activities in improving patients’ mental health

William Rush Dunton

This OT key figure founded Consolation House, where arts and crafts were used as therapeutic methods

George Edward Barton

This OT key figure authored the first-known book on OT and developed occupational training programs for hospitals

Susan Tracy

This OT key figure advocated for OT’s role in industrial settings and helped expand OT to include physical rehabilitation

Thomas Kidner

This OT key figure brought her background in arts and crafts education to OT, advocating for hands-on activities to promote healing

Susan Cox Johnson

This OT key figure pioneered the ‘work cure’ approach, emphasizing structured, therapeutic work for individuals with nervous conditions

Herbert Hall

What is a good basic definition of OT?

A client-centered health profession concerned with promoting health and well-being through occupation

What is the OT profession’s primary goal?

To help people do the day-to-day activities that are important and meaningful to them and those in their lives

What are the 4 cornerstones of OT?

Occupation, client-centered care, context, and evidence-based practice

This cornerstone of OT is defined as the meaningful, everyday activities people need, want, or are expected to do

Occupation

This cornerstone of OT is defined as considering the client’s values, needs, goals, interests, and priorities

Client-centered care

This cornerstone of OT is defined as performance being influenced by the person’s environment, including physical, social, cultural, and personal factors

Context

This cornerstone of OT is defined as interventions being informed by the best available evidence, clinical expertise, and the client’s preferences and circumstances

Evidence-based practice

What is domain vs process?

What OT looks like vs how OT works with the client

What 5 things are considered under the OT domain? (What do we care about?)

Occupations, contexts, performance patterns, performance skills, client factors

What are the 3 things included in the OT process? (How do we do OT?)

Evaluation, intervention, outcomes

What is evaluation vs assessment?

The big picture/process vs the tools/methods

What 3 things do we include in the evaluation aspect of OT?

Occupational profile, occupational performance, targeted outcomes

What is an occupational profile?

A summary of client’s history, resources, and performance

What is the intentional use of your personality, communication, interpersonal skills, clinical reasoning, emotions, and professional behaviors to facilitate the therapeutic relationship and help the client achieve their goals?

Therapeutic use of self