UTS LESSON 4 - UNPACKING THE SELF

• Physical

• Sexual

• Material

• Spiritual

• Political

• Digital

6 aspects of the self

Physical Self

• refers to the physical characteristics and appearance of a person

• include our face, body structure, height, weight, skin color, hair color, and other physical features

Physical Self

also includes our physical abilities, how we value our body, and how we perceive beauty

Biological Factors and Environmental Factors

2 factors that shape our physical self

Biological Factors

related to our body and genetics

Environmental Factors

these include our surroundings, nutrition, lifestyle, hygiene and other experiences that can affect our physical development

Heredity

transmission of traits from parent to their children

genes

the information responsible for inherited traits is found in

Genotype

refers to the genetic information contained in a person’s genes (ex: tall,dark,handsome)

Phenotype

refers to the physical expression or observable characteristics of those genes (ex: Tt - heterozygous, TT - homozygous dominant, tt - homozygous recessive)

Chromosomes

each individual carries 23 chromosomes, where 22 of which are autosomes, and the 23rd pair is the sex chromosome

DNA

deoxyribonucleic acid

DNA

contains the genetic instructions specifying the biological development of every individual

DNA

blueprints of life

Maturation

the completion of the growth of genetic character within an organism or the unfolding of inherent traits or potential

• Family

• Social Groups

• Society

• Culture

• Media

5 Environmental Influences

• Nutrition & eating habits

• Hygiene

• Personal Care

• Daily Routines

4 Family Influences

Parents

they often introduce our first health practices

Society’s Influences

• How we should looks

• How we should dress

• How we should behave

• What is considered attractive or acceptable

Commonly portrayed Ideals

• Slim body types of women

• Muscular types of men

Unhealthy Pressures

• Extreme attempts to change appearance

• Negative body image

• Harmful eating behaviors

Bulimia nervosa and Anorexia Nervosa

2 types of eating disorders

Bulimia Nervosa

binge eating followed by behavior to prevent weight gain

Anorexia Nervosa

refuses to eat for fear of gaining weight

Self-esteem

is all about how much you feel your worth — and how much you feel other people value you. It is how you value and respect yourself as a person

Body Image

is how you view your physical self — It refers to how individuals perceive, think, and feel about their body and physical appearance

Appearance

refers to everything about a person that others can observe, such as height, weight, skin color, clothes and hairstyle. Through appearances, an individual can show others the kind of person he/she is

Rosenberg Self-esteem scale

a brief screening measure of how you currently perceive your own self-worth

Merriam webster

who said that Beauty is “A brief screening measure of how you currently perceive your own self-worth”

Beauty

a combination of qualities, such as shape, color, or form that pleased the aesthetic senses, especially the sight

Beauty

something positive, pleasant, and wonderful

Physical Beauty and Non-physical beauty

2 types of beauty

Physical Beauty

always begins with non-physical beauty first

Non-physical beauty

is that which can’t be measured, but it can certainly be felt. It emanates from within. It manifests through things like kindness, love, appreciation, harmony, joy, and peace

• Balanced nutrition

• Physical Activity

• Proper Hygiene

• Adequate rest

• Positive self-perception

5 ways to achieve physical well-being

Sexual Self

encompass the biological, physical, emotional, and social domains

Biological Sex

one's assignment upon birth and is dependent on the physical features the person has

Gender Identity

deeply felt internal and individual experience of gender (Cisgender, Transgender, Metagender, Non-binary, Agender, Gender Fluid)

Sexual Orientation

a person’s physical, romantic, emotional attraction towards other (Homosexual, Heterosexual, Bisexual, Pansexual, Asexual, Demisexual)

Gender Expression

it is how a person presents themselves (Feminine, Masculine, Androgynous)

Adolescence

when physiological changes are triggered within an individual’s reproductive system, an adolescent is likely to experience sexual urges, become more sensitive to sexual stimuli, and feel sexual arousal

Adolescence

the hormones that affect our sexual desire are testosterone for men, and estrogen for women

Erogenous Zones

areas of the body which provide sexual excitement when stimulated

genitalia

is the most well-known source of sexual desire

hot spots

there are also other areas of the human body that are very sensitive to touch, pressure or vibration which contribute to sexual arousal, which are called

• Penis

• Scrotum

• Mouth and Lips

• Neck

• Nipples

• Perineum

• Ears

7 Male erogenous zones

Penis

• penile stimulation significantly

  contributes to sexual satisfaction

Scrotum

it has many nerves which makes it very sensitive to human touch

Mouth and Lips

male lips respond to light touch, temperature, or pressure

oxytocin

kissing trigger, a release of love hormones called

Neck

has great sensitivity to low-frequency vibration, making it a prime spot for light erotic touch

Nipples

have plenty of nerve endings and very sensitive to touch

Perineum

it is hooked up to perineal nerves, which help convey sensations of sexual pleasure from the genital to the brain

Ears

highly sensitive to touch, it helps men orgasm when touched or otherwise stimulated

• Clitoris

• Vagina

• Cervix

• Mouth and Lips

• Neck

• Breasts and Nipples

• Ears

7 Female Erogenous Zones

Clitoris

• research shows that stimulating it is

  the fastest and easiest way for many

  women to orgasm

• it is extremely sensitive

Vagina

• its interior contains nerve endings and

  women report that deep stimulation

  leads to more intense orgasm

• its outer edge tends to respond to

  light touch

Cervix

located at the lower end of the uterus,

has its own feel-good nerve pathwa

Mouth and Lips

• a recent survey found kissing to be

more important in relationship- building than in the sexual arousal

• women rank the two highly as

  erogenous areas

Neck

very sensitive to light touch

Breasts and Nipples

nipple stimulation sets satisfying sensation in the same region from the clitoris and vagina

Ears

very sensitive to touch due to a large amount of nerve endings

Sexual Response and Its Cycles

formulated by William H. Masters and Virginia E. Johnson

Human Sexual Response

Sexual response and its cycles was formulated by William H. Masters and Virginia E. Johnson in their 1996 book entitled

Sexual Response and Its Cycles

refers to the sequence of physical and emotional changes that occur as a person becomes sexually aroused and participates in sexually stimulating activities, including intercourse and masturbation

Phase 1: Excitement

Phase 2: Plateau

Phase 3: Orgasm

Phase 4: Resolution

what are the 4 phases in the Sexual Response and its cycles

Phase 1: Excitement

▪ muscle tension increase

▪ faster heart rate

▪ blood flow to genitals

▪ vaginal lubrication

▪ man’s testicles swell

▪ skin may become flushed

Phase 2: Plateau

▪ arousal intensifies

▪ vagina continues to swell

▪ clitoris becomes highly sensitive

▪ man’s testicles are withdrawn up to

scrotum

▪ breathing, heart rate, blood pressure

and muscle spasms continue rising

▪ muscle spasms may begin

Phase 3: Orgasm

➢ climax of the sexual response cycle

➢ the shortest of the phases and

generally lasts only a few seconds

▪ involuntary muscle contraction

▪ blood pressure, heart rate, and

breathing are at their highest rates

▪ sudden, forceful release of sexual

tension

▪ uterus undergoes rhythmic

contractions

▪ ejaculation of semen due to rhythmic

contractions

▪ a rash, or sex flush may appear

Phase 4: Resolution

the body slowly returns to its normal

level of functioning, and swelled and

erect body parts return to their

previous size and color

Helen Fisher

According to anthropology professor _____ _____, there are three stages of falling in love

Stage 1: Lust

Stage 2: Attraction

Stage 3: Attachment

what are the three stages of falling in love

Stage 1: Lust

➢ wild with desire stage

➢ dominated by the sex hormones

testosterone and estrog

Stage 2: Attraction

➢ couples are heady in love and are

overcome with their feelings

➢ people can’t think of anything else

➢ there are important neuro-

transmitters that come into play

during this stage

Dopamine

released in our rewards center of the brain and makes us feel like we are winning a prize when we are with our beloved

Norepinephrine

this is also called adrenalin and it causes to feel our love by getting our heart pumping, making us blush and sweat around our new beauty

Stage 3: Attachment

➢ helps couples grow bonds and feel

connected to each other

➢ it is where people decide to depend

on their partner

Oxytocin

also called the cuddle hormone because it is released when we are touched, make eye contact and feel connected to someone

Vasopressin

this chemical comes to play to help us feel long-term connection with someone and preceded commitment

Early Pregnancy and Sexually Transmitted Diseases

Consequences of Irresponsible Sexual Choice

Sexually Transmitted diseases

usually being acquired by those who are engaging in multiple sex partners and it's made unprotected

Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)

the most alarming sexually-transmitted disease. It is a virus that can be transmitted by anal, oral, or vaginal sex with an infected person, as well as through breast milk, during childbirth, and by coming into contact with the blood of an HIV positive person

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS)

untreated, HIV can lead to AIDS, which compromises the immune system and puts the person at risk of illness and death

• Respect for one’s body

• Maturity in thoughts and deeds

• Being guided by one’s personal beliefs and core values

• Being future- oriented

4 Keypoints for responsible sexual behavior

Respect for one’s body

this would mean taking care of one's body and avoiding activities that undermine one's worth and respect

Maturity in thoughts and deeds

this would refer to being objective, rational, and calm, instead of being swept by one's emotions

being future-oriented

instead of focusing on the present, always weigh your actions now with possible consequences in the future. Sexual pleasure might be overwhelming at the moment but always focus on what it will entail in the future

Family Planning

is deciding the number and spacing of your children; through the use of contraception: such as abstinence, natural planning, or hormonal birth control

Contraceptions

prevents pregnancy by interfering with the normal process of ovulation, fertilization, and implantation

• Pills

• Condoms

• Intrauterine Device (IUD)

• Depo Provera (The Sand)

• The Implant (Implanon and Nexpoanon)

5 Artifical/Hormonal Methods of Contraception

Condoms

• small, thin pouch made of latex,

plastic (polyurethane, nitrile, or

polyisoprene), or lambskin that

covers the man’s penis during sex

and collects semen

• stop sperm from getting into the

vagina

• lambskin condoms do not protect

against STDs, only latex and plastic

condoms

• effectiveness: 82-98% if used

correctly

Pills

• taken orally, taken every day and

composed of hormones that prevent

pregnancy

• thickens the mucus on the cervix

making it hard for the sperm to reach

the egg

• effectiveness: 98%

Intrauterine Device (IUD)

• tiny device made of flexible plastic,

inserted in the uterus o prevent

pregnancy

• in non-hormonal (copper based), the

copper acts as a spermicide (can be

used up to 10 yrs)

• and hormonal use the hormone

progestin to prevent pregnancy (last

up to 5 yrs)

• effectiveness: 99%

Depo Provera (The Shot)

• a birth control injection you get from a

nurse or doctor every three months

• contains the hormone progestin, stop

pregnancy by preventing ovulation

• safe to use when breastfeeding

• effectiveness: 99%

The Implant (Implanon and Nexpoanon)

• a tiny, thin rod about the size of a

matchstick

• it releases hormones into the body

that prevent from getting pregnant

• prevents pregnancy for up to 4 yrs

• effectiveness: 99%

• Coitus Interruptus

• Calendar Method

• Cervical Mucus Method

• Temperature Method / Basal Temperature

• Lactation Amenorrhea Method (LAM)

5 Natural Methods of Contraception

Coitus Interruptus

• withdrawal method

• pulling out the penis from the vagina

before ejaculation

• withdrawal prevents pregnancy by

keeping sperm out of the vagina

• effectiveness: 75-80%

Calendar Method

• ovulation tracking; charting of cycles

on a calendar

• no sex in the days near ovulation, not

recommended for women with

irregular cycles and those whom

cycles are shorter than 27 days

• effectiveness: 75-80%

Cervical Mucus Method

• checking changes in the cervical

mucus every day

• insert finger in the cervix. If the mucus

is watery, it means fertility; if dry and

creamy, not fertile

• effectiveness: 70-75%

Temperature Method / Basal Temperature

• recording of body temperature every

morning

• change in body temperature maybe

an indication of fertility or ovulation

• effectiveness: 75-80%