Topic 1 — Forces and Movement

What is the equation for speed?

speed = distance ÷ time

What is the difference between distance and displacement?

Distance is the total distance travelled. Displacement is distance in a particular direction.

What is the difference between speed and velocity?

Speed has no direction. Velocity is speed in a particular direction.

What is acceleration?

The rate of change of velocity.

What is the equation for acceleration?

acceleration = change in velocity ÷ time

What does the gradient of a distance-time graph represent?

Speed.

What does the gradient of a velocity-time graph represent?

Acceleration.

What does the area under a velocity-time graph represent?

Displacement.

What does a horizontal line on a distance-time graph mean?

The object is stationary.

What does a horizontal line on a velocity-time graph mean?

The object has constant velocity.

What is Newton's First Law?

An object remains at rest or moves at constant velocity unless acted on by a resultant force.

What is Newton's Second Law?

resultant force = mass × acceleration

What is Newton's Third Law?

When two objects interact, they exert equal and opposite forces on each other.

What is weight?

The force acting on an object due to gravity.

What is the equation for weight?

weight = mass × gravitational field strength

What is the difference between mass and weight?

Mass is the amount of matter in an object. Weight is the gravitational force acting on it.

What is the equation for momentum?

momentum = mass × velocity

What is the principle of conservation of momentum?

Total momentum before an interaction equals total momentum after it.

What is work done?

Energy transferred when a force moves an object through a distance

What is the equation for work done?

work done = force × distance moved in the direction of the force