Chapter 3

Fibroblasts

large cells that move through CT and secrete fibers/ground substance

Adipocytes

fat cells specialized for fat storage and protection found below skin ( around kidneys, heart )

Chondrocytes

Cells found in cartilage

Macrophages / White blood cells

develop from monocytes and destroy bacteria and cell debris by phagocytosis

Ground Substance

90% water - 10% GAG

Glycosaminoglycans (GAGs)

allow movement of materials / water storage

Collegen Fiber

strong/flexible bundle of collegen protein

Elastic Fiber

Stretchy but strong, fibers made of proteins/elastin/fibrillin

Reticular Fiber

made of collegen/glycoproteins support in blood vessels walls/form branching network around various cells

Nervous Tissue

Nervous System

Smooth Muscle Tissue

Walls of hollow organs and iris of the eye

Cardiac Muscle Tissue

Heart wall

Skeletal Muscle Tissue

Attached to bones by tendons

Blood/Vascular Connective Tissue

Within blood vessels and heart chambers

Spongy/Cancellous Osseous Tissue

core of flat bones ( contains bone marrow )

Compact/Cortical Osseous Tissue

Most superficial portion of bone

Elastic Cartilage Connective Tissue

External ear, epiglottis, eustachian tubes

Fibrocartilage Connective Tissue

Pubic symphysis, intervertebral discs, knee menisci

Hyaline Cartilage Connective Tissue

Fetal Skeleton, ends of long bones, nose, respiratory tract ( larynx, trachea, bronchi )

Elastic Connective Tissue

Lung Tissue, elastic arteries, trachea, vocal cords

Dense Irregular Connective Tissue

Beneath skin, around organs and muscles, dermis, heart sac, organ capsules

Dense Regular Connective Tissue

Tendons, most ligaments, aponeuroses

Reticular Connective Tissue

Spleen, lymph nodes, red bone marrow, liver stroma, around blood vessels/muscles

Adipose Connective Tissue

Subcutaneous layer under skin, around heart/kidneys, bone marrow, joints, behind eyes

Areolar Connective Tissue

Subcutaneous layer, papillary dermis, around blood vessels, nerves, organs

Mucous Connective Tissue

Umbilical cord of fetus

Mesenchyme

Embryo and some adult blood vessels

Transitional Epithelium

Urinary bladder, ureters, urethra

Stratified Squamous Epithelium

Outer skin layer, mouth lining, tongue, esophagus, pharynx, epiglottis, vagina

Pseudostratified Columnar Epithelium

Upper respiratory tract lining ( trachea )

Ciliated Simple Columnar Epithelium

Bronchioles, fallopian tubes, uterus, paranasal sinuses, spinal cord central canal, brain ventricles

Nonciliated Simple Columnar Epithelium

GI tract lining ( stomach to anus ) gland ducts, gallbladder

Simple Cuboidal Epithelium

Kidney tubules, small gland ducts, ovaries, parts of the eye

Simple Squamous Epithelium

Blood vessels, heart chambers, body cavity membranes, lung alveoli, kidney glomeruli

Mucous Membrane ( location )

small intestine - inner lining

Mucous Membrane

lines body cavity that opens to the outside

Serous Membrane ( location )

pleura, pericardium, peritoneum

Serous Membrnae

line cavities that do not open directly to the outside

Cutaneous Membrane ( location )

skin

Cutaneous Membrane

covers the surface of the body

Synovial Membrane

lines joints

Synovial Membrane ( location )

joints

Merocrine ( location )

Salivary Gland

Apocrine ( location )

Mammary Gland

Holocrine ( location )

Sebaceous

Merocrine

nothing is lost - cell is safe

Apocrine

a piece is lost - the top part of the cell pinches off

Holocrine

whole cell is lost - entire cell bursts and dies

Grandular Epithelium

Specialized epithelium cells organized to form glands that secrete substances into ducts, onto a surface, or into blood

Endocrine Glands

releases hormones directly into blood stream WITHOUT DUCTS

Exorcrine Glands

release NON-hormones through ducts onto body surface or into internal cavity

Skeletal Muscle

Hyaline Cartilage Connective Tissue

Nonciliated Simple Columnar Epithelium

Elastic Connective Tissue

Compact Bone ( Osseous Connective Tissue )

Simple Cuboidal Epithelium

Dense Irregular Connective Tissue

Stratified Squamous Epithelium

Areolar Connective Tissue

Ciliated Simple Columnar Epithelium

Smooth Muscle

Reticular Connective Tissue

Elastic Cartilage

Stratified Columnar Epithelium

Blood ( Connective Tissue )

Nervous Tissue

Stratified Cuboidal Epithelium

Pseudostratified Columnar Epithelium

Adipose Tissue Connective Tissue

Transitional Epithelium

Dense Regular Connective Tissue

Simple Squamous Epithelium

Spongy/Cancellous Bone Connective Tissue

Fibrocartilage Connective Tissue

Cardiac Muscle