Sexual Reproduction in Humans

Vocabulary flashcards focusing on key terms related to human sexual reproduction, male and female reproductive systems, and associated hormones.

Testes

Male gonads that produce sperm and testosterone.

Epididymis

Structure where sperm are stored and mature after production.

Acrosome

A cap-like structure on the head of sperm that contains enzymes to help penetrate the egg.

Corpus Luteum

Structure formed from the Graafian follicle after ovulation that produces progesterone.

Ovulation

The release of a mature egg from the Graafian follicle.

Menstrual Cycle

A series of cyclical changes in the female reproductive system that prepares for pregnancy.

Graham Follicle

A sac-like structure in the ovary that matures and releases eggs.

Luteinising Hormone (LH)

Hormone produced by the pituitary gland that triggers ovulation.

Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH)

Hormone that stimulates the development of Graafian follicles and sperm production.

Placenta

Temporary organ formed from maternal and embryonic tissues that facilitates nutrient and waste exchange.

Embryo

Early stage of development following implantation, where the blastocyst develops into fetal tissues.

Sperm Duct (Vas Deferens)

Tube that carries sperm from the epididymis to the urethra.

Nucleus

Part of the sperm cell containing 23 chromosomes.

Menopause

The end of a woman's reproductive life, usually between ages 45 and 55.

Infertility

The inability to conceive or produce offspring.

In vitro fertilisation (IVF)

Method of treating infertility by fertilizing eggs outside the body.

Zygote

The fertilized egg that forms after sperm and egg fusion.

Endometrium

Inner lining of the uterus that thickens in preparation for implantation.

HCG (Human Chorionic Gonadotropin)

Hormone secreted by the embryo to maintain the corpus luteum during early pregnancy.