Renal Pathology - Exam Review

Pathology/abnormal/lab levels

What is the by product of muscle creatinine phsphate metabolism?

Serum Creatinine

Serum Creatinine is formed in small amounts in ___, passed into ___ and then excreted in ___

muscles, blood, urine

Normal values for Serum Creatinine = __-__ mg/100 ml

0.6-1.3

What lab measures renal function?

Serum Creatinine

Elevation in Serum Creatinine levels indicates renal ___ due to destruction of ___(2x = _% nephrons destroyed)

dysfunction, nephrons, 50

End product of protein metabolism =

Blood Urea Nitrogen (BUN)

Blood Urea Nitrogen (BUN) is formed in the ___ and transported to the kidneys through __ for excretion

liver, blood

Which lab measures renal function and has Normal values range from 9-20 mg/100 ml?

Blood Urea Nitrogen (BUN)

Increase in Blood Urea Nitrogen (BUN) indicated ___ or ___ dz causing renal failure, decreased renal blood supply, obstructive uropathy, dehydration, and starvation.

acute, chronic

Commonest renal mass in the adult with unknown etiology. Uncommon in infants and children. 50% of people over 50 years have it =

simple renal cyst

number and size of cysts _____ with age

increase

simple renal cysts are usually 3 things:

round, anechoic, posterior acoustic enhancement

Simple cysts containing blood =

Hemorrhagic cyst

__ % of simple cysts are

hemorrhagic.

6

Infected simple renal cysts have ___ walls with ___ material

thick, echogenic

Cyst-like structures located in the hilum or sinus =

parapelvis cysts

What type of cysts do not communicate with the collecting system?

Parapelvic cysts

% to 3% of simple cysts may show calcification.

Calcification can be a result of previous hemorrhage or infection =

Calcified cyst

Sonographically, calcification appears as an ____ margin on the wall of the cyst

echogenic

20% of masses with rim of calcification in the wall are ___. Correlation with other modalities and aspirations may be necessary

malignant

Cysts are divided into compartments by fibrous septa.

Free communication between compartments since septations are incomplete

Septated or multilocular cysts