biotech quiz 2- DNA Structure, Replication, Transcription, Translation

What are some similarities that prokaryotes and eukaryotes share? (select all that apply)

Ribosomes, DNA, Cytoplasm

What nucleotides are purines? 

A and G

The rule that states that the total number of purines always equals the total number of pyrimidines is called the _________ rule. 

Chargaff

T/F: Phosphodiester bonds are made through a dehydration reaction. 

true

In nucleosides, what is missing? 

Phosphate group

One enzyme involved in DNA supercoiling is:

Topoisomerase

Each nucleosome is made out of how many histones?

8

DNA replication occurs in what direction? 

5’ to 3’

In the semiconservative process of DNA replication, the new strand is formed by joining short DNA fragments called _________ fragments. 

Okazaki

T/F: In bacteria, replication occurs at multiple points of origins called OriC 1, OriC 2, and OriC 3. 

false; single/fixed point called OriC

What regions are part of the promoter section of the bacterial gene? (select all that apply) 

-35, -10

The subunit of RNA polymerase responsible for detecting the promoter region in the bacterial gene is called:

Sigma

T/F: In bacteria, transcription is usually stopped with the formation of a hairpin loop and a repeating sequence of Us. 

true

In Eukaryotic transcription, what RNA polymerase recruits transcription factors at the promoter site?

RNA pol II

During splicing and the conversion of immature mRNA to mature (coding) mRNA, what is excised? 

Introns

The rule that allows less stringent base-pairing but only for codon:anticodon pairing is called the ________ rule. 

Wobble

The start codon in eukaryotes is:

AUG

In eukaryotes, what is the amino acid bound to the initiation tRNA?

Methionine

What translation control method involves the silencing of a gene?

RNA interference

Which of the following is not a STOP codong?

UAU