L19- recombinant technologies 1

what are the advantages of recombinant DNA industry 

describe the two instances where recombination of DNA happens 

in natural processes:

• dna repair after damage 

• bacteria and other organisms can take up dna to aquire new functions which allow themto be resistant

recombinant DNA technology 

• ananlyse function of genes and their functions 

• expression/regulation studies 

• production of products insudtrial and pharmacuetical 

what direction does DNA polymerase synthesis DNA in 

• 5' to 3' direction 

• the genes always start at the 5' end and stop at the 3' end 

what are meanings of the three types of transfer of DNA ( transformation, conjugation and transduction )

what are mobile genetic elements 

they are bits of genes that can easily transfer from one cell into another- plasmids are the most commonly used in recombinant DNA technology 
they are circular DNA that replicate independently from he rest of the chromosomes 

what are plasmids 

what is molecular cloning 

what are the three basic steps  steps for molecular cloning

1. isolation of source of DNA- getting the DNA you want 

2. inserting source DNA into a vector- putting it into a plasmid 

3. introduction of cloned DNA into a host organism 

how is the source DNA obtained for cloning 

method for sequence of unknown DNA not typically used

what is PCR, polymerase chain reaction 

how do you locate a target sequence when doing PCR

describe how the source DNA is put into a vector 

• using an enzyme we are able to combine the PCR fragment with the vector/plasmid

• the plasmid would also contain a marker on it whic can help it be distingishable later on in the host 

• then the plasmid is the bacteria/ the host organisms 

• when the bacteria is on a plate with ampicillin the bacteria that survive will be the once with with the genes for resistance 

what are restriction enzymes 

• these are enzymes produced by bacteria 

• they are enzymes that recognise palindromic sequences ( sequence that read the same forwards and backwords )

• the restriction site for cloning is typically 4/6 nucleotides in length 

• they cut the both DNA strands creating sticky blunt ends

what are restriction enzymes

• these are enzymes produced by bacteria 

• they are enzymes that recognise palindromic sequences ( sequence that read the same forwards and backwords )

• the restriction site for cloning is typically 4/6 nucleotides in length 

• they cut the both DNA strands creating sticky blunt ends