Intro to Biology

Characteristic of Life 1

Be made of materials organized in a hierarchical pattern.

Characteristic of Life 2

Use energy and raw materials to survive.

Characteristic of Life 3

Sense and respond to changing environments and maintain internal stability, or homeostasis.

Characteristic of Life 4

Grow, develop, and reproduce.

Characteristic of Life 5

Be part of a population that evolves.

Matter

Has mass and takes up space

Biotic Matter

Living or having lived

Abiotic Matter

Nonliving and never have lived.

1- Smallest

Atom

2

Molecule

3

Macromolecule

4

Organelles

5

Cell

6

Tissues

7

Organs

8

Organ System

9

Organism

10

Population

11

Community

12

Ecosystem

13

Biome

Biggest

Biosphere

Covalent Bonds

Bond formed by sharing electrons.

Elements with Covalent Bonds

Non-Metals and Metalloids.

Elements with Ionic Bonds

Metals and non-metals.

Ionic Bond

Bond formed by the transfer of electrons from one atom to another.

Hydrogen Bond

Electrostatic attraction between areas of molecules with opposite partial charges.

What is the “glue” that holds covalently bonded atoms together?

One or more electrons that are shared between the two atoms

Which type of bonding would occur between two oppositely charged ions?

Ionic

Which type of bond is the strongest in biological systems?

Covalent

Solvent

The component of the solution in the greatest quantity.

Solute

The component present in lower quantities.

Hydrophilic

Substances that dissolve in water.

Hydrophobic

Hates water, does not vibe with it at all.

Cohesive

Particles that tend to stick together. Like water molecules sticking to other water molecules.

Adhesion

Attraction of water molecules to other molecules.

Which substance will have the fewest number of hydrogen bonds?

Water about to boil.

What happens to water as it freezes?

It forms more hydrogen bonds.

Oxygen is

Electronegative

Organic Molecules

Any molecule that contains a carbon to hydrogen covalent bond.

Inorganic Molecules

Simple molecules not found in living things.

____ are the subunit for a carbohydrate.

Sugars

____ are the subunit for a nucleic acid.

Nucleotides

____ are the subunit for a protein.

Amino Acids

____ are the subunit for a lipid.

Fats

Carbohydrates

Organic molecules that consist of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen atoms in a 1:2:1 ratio.