Pre ACT Math

What is an integer?

Any positive or negative whole number, including zero.

What is a prime number?

Any whole number greater than 1 that has only two factors: itself and 1.

Define composite number.

Any whole number greater than 1 that has more than two different factors.

What characterizes an even number?

An integer that can be divided by 2 without leaving a remainder.

What is an odd number?

An integer that cannot be divided evenly by 2.

Define rational numbers.

Numbers that can be expressed as a ratio or fraction, including all integers, decimals, and fractions.

What is an irrational number?

A number that cannot be written as a fraction or decimal, with infinite and non-repeating digits.

What does absolute value measure?

The distance of a number from zero on the number line, always a positive value.

What is the order of operations in mathematics?

A set of rules for determining the order in which to perform mathematical operations.

What does PEMDAS stand for?

Parentheses, Exponents, Multiplication and Division, Addition and Subtraction.

What is the result of adding two signed numbers of the same sign?

Add their absolute values and keep the original sign.

How do you handle subtraction of signed numbers?

Change the sign of the subtrahend and then use addition rules.

What constitutes a fraction?

A number expressed as one integer written above another integer, representing the quotient of the two numbers.

What is a numerator in a fraction?

The top number that represents the number of parts under consideration.

What is a denominator in a fraction?

The bottom number that represents the total number of equal parts.

What is a perfect square?

A number that has an integer for its square root.

How do you identify equivalent fractions?

Fractions that have the same value but are expressed differently.

What is the result when you multiply or divide both the numerator and denominator of a fraction by the same number?

You obtain an equivalent fraction.

What is meant by regrouping in subtraction?

Borrowing from a higher place value to perform subtraction when the minuend is smaller than the subtrahend.

What does a mathematical operation entail?

A mathematical process that takes some value(s) as input(s) and produces an output.

What distinguishes a rational number from an irrational number?

Rational numbers can be expressed as ratios or fractions, while irrational numbers cannot.