Biology Chapter 6 quiz

Kinetic energy

energy to make things move

Potential energy

stored energy

Law of conservation

energy can’t be created or destroyed, it can only be transferred

Exergonic Reactions

when bonds break to create new bonds energy exits the reaction, ATP is released (spontaneous)

Endergonic Reactions

require energy, energy comes into the cell, ATP is needed for this reaction (non-spontaneous)

ATP

adenosine Triphosphate

ADP

adenosine diphosphate

What happens when a bond of ATP is broken and how does it go back to ATP after that.

ATP turns into ADP when there’s a broken bond, to get back back to ATP you have to add energy

Coupled Reaction

reactions that go hand in hand

Enzymes

biological catalysts that speed up reactions

Induced fit

when a substrate binds to an enzyme the enzyme molds itself for a perfect fit

what affects enzymes

enzyme concentration, optimal ph, and temperature

enzyme concentration

if there’s not a lot of substrate the enzyme will move slow and not do as much work, when there’s a lot of substrate the enzyme has to move quickly and efficiently

Enzyme optimal ph

most enzymes only work at a particular ph

enzyme temperature

if it’s too hot the enzymes will denature, this ruins the enzyme

denature

when an enzyme looses it’s shape

Co factors

on and off switch for an enzyme, non-proteins

Co enzyme

vitamins, proteins

Competitive inhibition

when substrates compete for the same active site

Non-competitive inhibition

inhibitor binds to something other than the active site called an allosteric

Photosynthesis equation

6CO2+6H2O+Light energy⟶C6H12O6+6O2

Cellular respiration equation

C6H12O6+6O2⟶6CO2+6H2O+energy

Redox reactions

oxidation reduction reactions

OIL RIG

oxidation is loss, reduction is gain

Chloroplasts and photosynthesis cycle

chloroplasts make glucose and oxygen and the mitochondria takes it and makes it into CO2 and water which is used in chloroplasts

Energy flows in one direction in an ecosystem

sun-producers-consumers

what type of pathway does energy flow in cells

metabolic

catabolic pathways

break down molecules and release energy

feedback inhibition

end product of a metabolic pathway stops an enzyme earlier in the pathway

anabolic pathways

build molecules and requires energy