chapt 6 part 1 new

Bunion

Enlarged, inflamed joint at the base of the big toe

carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS)

Nerve and tendon pressure in the wrist, usually from repeated motion

closed fracture

Broken bone with no open wound

comminuted fracture

Bone broken into many pieces

compound fracture

Broken bone with an open wound

compression fracture

Broken or collapsed vertebra that loses height

Contracture

Shortening of muscle or connective tissue that limits movement

Dislocation

Joint bones are forced out of their normal position

Fibromyalgia

Chronic widespread muscle and soft-tissue pain

fracture (FX, Fx)

Broken bone

ganglion cyst

Fluid-filled cyst near a tendon, often on the hand or wrist

Gout

Painful joint inflammation caused by uric acid crystals

greenstick fracture

Incomplete bone break where one side breaks and the other bends; common in children

herniated nucleus pulposus (HNP)

Disk pushes out and puts pressure on spinal nerves

impacted fracture

One broken bone fragment is pushed into another

oblique fracture

Fracture line runs at an angle across the bone

Osteoarthritis (OA)

Joint cartilage wears away, causing bones to rub together

Osteoporosis

Loss of bone mass causing weak, thin bones

osteogenic sarcoma

Common bone cancer

myasthenia gravis (MG)

Severe muscle weakness and fatigue caused by poor nerve-muscle communication

pathologic fracture

Broken bone caused by disease or a weakened bone

pseudohypertrophic muscular dystrophy (MD)

Inherited disease causing progressive muscle weakness and muscle loss

repetitive strain injury

Tendon, muscle, joint, or nerve damage from repeated movements

rheumatoid arthritis (RA)

Autoimmune disease causing painful, swollen, damaged joints

rotator cuff injury

Tear or damage to the shoulder muscles and tendons

Spasm

Sudden, involuntary muscle contraction

spina bifida

Birth defect where the spine does not fully form around the spinal cord

spiral fracture

Fracture that spirals around the bone from a twisting injury

Sprain

Ligament injury caused by overstretching

Strain

Muscle or tendon injury from overstretching or overuse

stress fracture

Small bone break caused by repeated stress

Torticollis

Neck spasm that pulls the head to one side

transverse fracture

Fracture line goes straight across the bone