Nucleic acids

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Last updated 10:45 PM on 9/30/26
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14 Terms

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Nucleic acids

Polymers of nucleotides

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Nucleotides are composed of

Phosphate group(s), a sugar, and a nitrogenous base

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Carbon numbering in ribose

1st carbon - attached to carboxylic acid

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Deoxyribose

Has 1 less hydroxyl group

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NucleoSIDE

The base sugar (pentose) & base X

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Nitrogenous base

The nitrogenous base : Adenine, Guanine, Thymine, Cytosine in DNA

In RNA same but uracil instead of thymine

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Purines

Two rings (Adenine and Guanine)

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Pyrimidines

One ring. Thymine, cytosine and uracil

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Nitrogenous base nucleoside names

__uiosine for purines & __idine for pyrimidines

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RNA & DNA measurements

RNA - In nucleotides (nt)

DNA - In base pairs (bp)

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GDP / GTP

Guanosine diphosphate / triphosphate. Helps “turn on” proteins

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Protein & nucleic acid complexes are measured in?

Svedbergs

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Cofactors

Non-protein organic molecule or metal ion that helps enzyme with its function. Eg: Zn 2+ ion

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Protein nucleic acid complexes

Made of both RNA & protein. 2 subunits (50S & 20S)