Policing Quiz 3

What are the three cornerstones of traditional police work?

Random routine patrol, designated geographic area, rapid response to 911 calls.

Who was O. W. Wilson?

Former dean of the School of Criminology at UC Berkeley and police chief in Wichita and Chicago, co-author of 'Police Administration'.

What did O. W. Wilson believe about patrol?

He believed patrol is 'the backbone of policing' and creates an impression of omnipresence.

What was the Kansas City patrol study?

A year-long experiment testing the effectiveness of random routine patrol, which failed to show significant differences in policing outcomes.

What are the components of total response time in police work?

Time from crime occurrence to victim call, time to process the call, and travel time to the scene.

What are the two major types of police patrol deployments?

Motorized patrol and foot patrol.

What is a significant drawback of motorized patrol?

It can lead to isolation from the community and loss of personal contact with citizens.

What effect does adding foot patrol have on community fear levels?

It significantly decreases levels of fear in neighborhoods.

What is directed patrol?

An alternative to random routine patrol that focuses resources on specific crime problems.

What is differential response to calls for service?

A method that abandons the traditional practice of responding to all calls, focusing on more serious crimes.

What is the purpose of a 3-1-1 system?

To redirect non-emergency calls away from 911 lines to keep them available for true emergencies.

What is Reverse 911?

A system that allows police to call citizens to disseminate information quickly.

What are Specialized Policing Responses (SPR's)?

Programs like Crisis Intervention Teams (CIT) that address calls involving individuals with mental illness.

What are some alternative vehicles used in police patrol?

Motorcycles, scooters, boats, planes, helicopters, horses, bicycles, golf carts, and Segways.

Why are traffic operations a concern for police?

Traffic incidents demand significant officer time and involve accident investigation and public education.

What is the challenge posed by distracted drivers?

Texting and talking on cell phones create serious safety issues, referred to as the new DUI.

What is a major risk associated with high-speed automobile pursuits?

They can be the deadliest force available to police and raise concerns about safety and policy conflicts.

What is the impact of foot patrol on police officer job satisfaction?

Foot patrol officers report greater job satisfaction, less fear, and higher morale compared to those in cars.

What was a significant finding from the Kansas City study regarding patrol effectiveness?

It indicated that the traditional cornerstones of policing might not be the most effective methods.

What is the role of police in traffic operations?

To investigate accidents, identify traffic hazards, and educate the public.

How does the community benefit from Reverse 911?

It increases public awareness and allows the community to work together with police to solve crimes.

What is the significance of the riots of the 1960s in relation to police-community relations?

They highlighted the problems of isolation between police and the community.

What is hot-spot policing?

A strategy that takes directed patrol further by focusing on crime-prone areas.

What are the benefits of using specialized vehicles for patrol?

They provide faster response, cost savings, and improved maneuverability.

How can police departments benefit from differential response during financial difficulties?

It allows them to manage resources more effectively without compromising emergency response.

What are the implications of the Kansas City study for future policing strategies?

It led to a reevaluation of traditional policing methods and encouraged academic study of policing.

What may police officers use to end a high-speed chase?

Potentially deadly force if the suspect's actions risk the safety of others.

What is the first step in the investigative process?

Begins with the patrol officer who initiates the investigation.

What should incident reports answer?

Who, what, where, when, how, and why regarding the crime.

What is the detective mystique?

The idea that detective work is glamorous, exciting, and dangerous as depicted in media.

What recommendations did the National Advisory Commission on Criminal Justice Standards and Goals make?

Increase use of patrol officers, direct them to conduct thorough investigations, and establish written priorities.

What does MCI stand for in managing criminal investigations?

Managing Criminal Investigations.

What are some responsibilities of patrol officers under MCI?

Conduct follow-up activities that were previously assigned to detectives.

Why have multiagency investigative task forces increased?

Criminals often cross jurisdictions, necessitating collaboration.

What critical issues were identified in the 2002 PERF report?

Information management and teamwork or relationships in major investigations.

How can GPS technology be utilized in policing?

Monitors offenders 24/7 and saves money.

What role do cold-case squads play in investigations?

Solve stagnant cases using DNA technology and fresh perspectives.

What is the purpose of Repeat Offender Programs (ROPs)?

Target career criminals through identification and surveillance.

What is the function of internet registries in law enforcement?

Track offenders and provide public notification.

What is a stakeout operation?

Hidden surveillance of a location or person, often based on tips or identified patterns.

What is entrapment in law enforcement?

Inducing a person to commit a crime they would not have otherwise committed.

What landmark case defined entrapment?

Jacobson v. United States (1992).

How has public opinion of police changed in recent years?

Polls show most people respect the police in their area despite media portrayals.

What challenges do police face with underrepresented communities?

Tension and hostility, often due to historic discrimination.

What is a significant issue for Hispanic Americans in policing?

Discrimination and language barriers.

What historic event continues to affect Black Americans' relationship with police?

Historic discrimination and racial profiling.

What impact did 9/11 have on Arab Americans and Muslims?

Increased concerns over civil rights and lack of trust in law enforcement.

What has increased demand for police protection among Jewish communities?

Fear of being targeted for terrorism following 9/11.

What is a frequent type of violence that police encounter?

Domestic violence, affecting one in every four women.

What is a significant societal cost associated with violence?

A culture of violence where children witness incidents.

What percentage of jail inmates have severe mental illness?

10-15 percent.

What challenges do law enforcement face regarding the mentally ill?

Defining mental illness, separating it from substance abuse, and dangerous calls.

What are some factors contributing to homelessness?

Release of institutionalized mentally ill, jail overcrowding, drug and alcohol abuse, and lack of affordable housing.

What is the role of Neighborhood Watch Programs?

Citizen involvement in crime prevention and partnership with police.

What are alternative names for Neighborhood Watch Programs?

Crime Watch, Block Watch, Community Alert.

What is the purpose of Citizen Police Academies?

To educate the community about police roles and responsibilities.

What are Police Storefront Stations?

Temporary community police stations housed in businesses for better accessibility.

What is community policing?

A strategy that emphasizes partnerships with the community and problem-solving.

Who coined the term problem-oriented policing?

Herman Goldstein in 1979.

What does the SARA model stand for in problem-solving policing?

Scanning, Analysis, Response, Assessment.

What is the focus of community policing?

The relationship between police and the community.

What is the focus of problem-oriented policing?

Solving specific problems and achieving outcomes.

What are some types of community policing efforts?

Decentralized operations, citizen police academies, and community outreach.

What is Crime Prevention through Environmental Design (CPTED)?

A strategy to reduce crime by modifying the environment.

What is the goal of Resident Officer Programs?

To team police with neighbors to fight crime and improve quality of life.

What is the Broken Windows Theory?

Disorder in neighborhoods creates fear and encourages crime.

What is the impact of community policing on large police departments?

By 2020, 91% had specialized units for community policing.

What is a common issue faced by homeless individuals?

They are often vulnerable as victims.

What is a significant barrier to men reporting domestic abuse?

Hesitancy to report due to societal stigma.

What is the role of domestic violence specialists?

To coordinate responses and support for domestic violence cases.

What does the Police Community Relations (PCR) movement address?

The need for better communication and trust between police and communities.

What are some examples of community engagement programs?

Coffee with a Cop, PAL, DARE, GREAT.

What is a challenge in policing the mentally ill?

Calls can be very dangerous and require creative problem-solving.

What can improve outcomes for police interactions with the mentally ill?

Improved policies, procedures, and technology.

What is the impact of jail overcrowding on homelessness?

It contributes to the release of institutionalized individuals into homelessness.

What is the significance of strong leadership in community-based crime prevention?

It is essential for the success of programs like Neighborhood Watch.