Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD)

IBD

chronic, inflammatory, structural disease that includes ulcerative colitis and crohns

goal of management of IBD

put pt in remission with meds

causes of IBD

genetic, environment, alteration in epithelial cell barrier functions, altered immune response to intestinal flora

IBD key teaching

risk of colon cancer increases so screen more often

ulcerative colitis

ulceration in colon and rectum- often in rectum and sigmoid colon, moving distal to proximal

ulcerative colitis s/s

frequent diarrhea w/ blood and mucus, hematochezia, abdominal pain, dehydration, fever, weight loss, anemia

how many BM will a pt have with ulcerative colitis per day

10-20

where is the pain location in ulcerative colitis

LLQ- sigmoid colon and distal colon

what type of anemia is seen with ulcerative colitis

iron deficiency r/t blood loss

crohns disease

skip lesions, cobblestone appearance, often in terminal ileum and proximal colon (can be anywhere in GI)

what can crohns result in

fistula formation connecting organs that aren't supposed to- often perianal area, loops of intestine into bladder, rectum, vagina

why may obstruction occur in crohns

bc located in small intestine and strictures can cause obstruction in a small area

s/s crohns

pain, weight loss, fever, anemia, s/s fistulas

where is pain located in crohns

RLQ- terminal ileum

why does weight loss occur in crohns

bc small intestine is where nutrients are absorbed

what type of anemia is seen with crohns

malabsorption (b12)