Positioning and Projections Terminology

Sagittal Plane

Divides the body into left and right segments

Coronal Plane

Divides the body into anterior and posterior segments

Horizontal (Transverse) Plane

divided the body into superior and inferior segments

Oblique Plane

Divided the body at any angle

Midcoronal Plane

Passes through midline while cutting anterior and posterior segments

Midsagittal Plane

Passes through midline while cutting right and left segments

Thoracic Cavity

Abdominal Cavity

Plerual Cavity

Pericardial Cavity

small, fluid-filled space between the two inner layers of tissue that surround the heart

Pelvic Cavity

Right Upper Quadrant (RUQ)

Left Upper Quadrant (LUQ)

Right Lower Quadrant (RLQ)

Left Lower Quadrant (LLQ)

Epigastrium

Right Hypochondrium region

Left Hypochondrium region

Right Lateral Region

Umbilical Region

Left Lateral Region

Right inguinal region

Left inguinal inguinal region

Hypogastrium region

Anatomic Position

Proximal

Distal

Cephalad central ray angle

Caudad central ray angle

Anteroposterior projection (AP projection)

Central ray enters anterior aspect and exits posterior aspect

Posteroanterior Projection (PA Projection)

Central ray enters posterior aspect and exits anterior aspect

Axial Projection (AP axial)

angles CR enters anterior surface and exits posterior of body / part

Tangential Projection

Lateral Projection

Lateromedial Projection of Arm

Oblique Projection

Supine Postion (Dorsal recumbent position)

Prone Postion (ventral recumbent position)

Recumbent Postion

Lateral Postion

Trendelenburg Position

Supine position with head tilted downward

Fowler Position

Supine position with head higher than feet

Left semiprone oblique position

recumbent position with patient lying on the left anterior side with left leg extended and right kneww and thigh partially flexed

Lithotomy Postion

Supine positon with knees and hip flexed and thighs abducted and rotated externally, supported by ankle or knee supports

Right anterior oblique position

Left anterior oblique position

Left posterior oblique position

Right posterior oblique position

Left lateral debitus position

Right dorsal decubitus position

Ventral decubitus position

Lordotic position

Medial rotation of knee

Lateral rotation of knee

Abduction

movement away from the central axis of the body or body part

Adduction

movement toward the central axis of the body or body part

Felxion

act of bending a joint; opposite of extension

Extension

straightning of a joint; when both elements of a joint are in anatomic position; normal position of a joint

Inversion

inward turning of foot at the ankle

Evert / Eversion

outward turning of the foot at the ankle

Pronate / Pronation

rotation of the forearm so that the palm is down

Supinate / Supination

rotation of the forearm so that the palm is up (atomic postion)

Tilt

tipping or slanting a body part slightly; tilt in relation to the long axis of the body

Radial deviation

turned to the radial side (A)

Ulnar deviation

turned to the ulnar side (B)

Dorsiflexion

flexing or bending the foot toward the leg

Plantar flexion

flexing or bending of the foot away the leg