CHIN 22110 Midterm #2 Sentence Structures

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63 Terms

1
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睡了+Time duration+的午觉

to nap for a certain length of time. 我今天睡了半个小时的午觉。

2
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Subj.不是+known information+吗?

rhetorical question to reconfirm known info. 他不是说他快要饿死了吗?

3
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Subj.怎么+new information+呢?

expresses confusion at new info. 中国人怎么白天睡觉呢?

4
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太+浪费+时间/钱/水/纸/电+了

it's such a waste of ___. 每天都在饭馆儿吃饭,太浪费钱了。

5
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Subj.+V+起+(O)+来了

suddenly starts doing sth. (surprising/abrupt). 昨天还像夏天,今天就下起雪来了。

6
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sb./situation+让+sb.+很/不+adj./emotion verb

makes someone feel… 中国饭馆的服务员听不懂我的中文,让我挺失望的。

7
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让+sb.+VP

(1) let sb. do sth. (2) allow sb. to do sth. 我爸爸不让我开他的旧车。

8
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sb.+很/没+有精神

(not) energetic (NOT 有很多精神). 昨天睡得很好,所以我今天很有精神。

9
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怪不得…

no wonder… (sudden realization after hearing a reason). 他生病了。怪不得他没来上课。

10
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Subj.+大多/很少+VP

mostly / rarely do sth. 中国人大多喜欢喝热水,很少喝冰水。

11
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……对sb.来说,简直是受罪/浪费时间/浪费钱

for sb., ___ is absolutely suffering / a waste. 夏天喝热水,简直是受罪。

12
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直接+VP

directly do sth. 下课以后我直接去图书馆。

13
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V+到 (resultative) / V+得到/不到 (potential)

attainment of an action; able/unable to V. 看到了/没看到;买得到/买不到

14
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Subj.+并+不/没有…

actually not (contradicts an assumption). 中国人并不都喜欢喝茶。

15
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Subj.+学着+VP

try to mimic/learn to do sth. (still developing the habit). 他学着喝热水、泡茶。

16
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没想到…

I didn't expect that… 他没想到到了中国以后,他喝起热水来了。

17
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好/难+喝/吃/听/看

tasty/pleasant vs. not tasty/unpleasant. 热水并不难喝。

18
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各+A+有+各+A+的+noun

each (place/country/person) has its own ___. 各地有各地的生活方式。

19
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…an action…是有原因的

there is a reason why… 美生喜欢早上洗澡是有原因的。

20
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原来的+noun

original, former, previous ___. 我不会坚持原来的生活方式。

21
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坚持+noun / 坚持+VP

stick to (a habit/lifestyle); insist on/persist in doing. 他虽然生病了,但是还坚持来上课。

22
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Subj.不应该再+VP+了

should not continue doing sth. (了 = change of situation). 我们不应该再坚持原来的生活方式了。

23
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A+向+B+学习

A learns a merit from B. 他一直坚持早起,我要向他学习。

24
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Subj.得+……+才行 / 要想……,得……才行

must do ___, only then will it work. 要是想有好成绩,我们得努力才行。

25
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洗(了/过)+几件/几次+衣服

wash clothes (V.O. with measure). 我这个星期洗了三次衣服。

26
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最+adj./emotion verb+的+N+(就)是…

the most ___ thing is… 我最不习惯的(事)就是每天早起。

27
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Subj.到现在+还+没/不+VP

up to now still haven't / still don't… 他18岁了,可是到现在还不会自己洗衣服。

28
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用+tool+VP

do sth. using a tool. 我习惯用洗衣机洗衣服。

29
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去+country+留学

to study abroad in a country. 你想去什么国家留学?

30
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A或者B。 / A还是B?

or: 或者 for statements, 还是 for questions. 我朋友想喝咖啡或者茶。/ 你想晚上见面还是白天见面?

31
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排(了)+time duration+的队

line up for a length of time. 我们昨天排队排了一个小时。

32
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…在+place+很/不+普遍

___ is (not) common in (place). 烘干机在中国并不普遍。

33
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把+definite object+晾/放+在+place+localizer

put/hang an object at a place. 把衣服晾在阳台上。

34
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把+definite object+晾/拿+出来

take/hang an object out (directional complement). 我不习惯把我的内衣晾出来。

35
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……让+sb.+(很)不好意思

makes sb. feel shy/embarrassed (no positive form). 说中文会让我觉得不好意思。

36
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…VP…是一件很麻烦的事儿

doing ___ is a troublesome matter. 洗碗是一件很麻烦的事儿。

37
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Subj.+(不)愿意+VP

(not) willing to do sth. 他不愿意把他的电脑给我。

38
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Subj.宁可A,也不B

would rather A than B (doesn't want B). 我宁可买菜做饭,也不愿意洗碗。

39
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Subj.宁可A,也要B

would rather pay cost A in order to do B (really wants B). 我宁可多花一点儿钱,也要住得舒服一点儿。

40
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在+abstract noun+上/方面,……

in the aspect of ___. 在生活方式上,中国和美国完全不同。

41
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Subj.当然+VP

of course, certainly (no doubt). 在日常生活上,现在当然比以前方便。

42
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节省/浪费+水/电/时间/钱/纸;保护+环境

save/waste ___; protect the environment

43
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理+(了/过)+(一次)+发;理个发

to get a haircut (V.O.); 理个发 is casual/colloquial. 来芝大以后,我还没理过发。

44
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上个/下个/这个+周末/星期/月/学期

last / next / this weekend/week/month/semester. 我打算下个月去中国。

45
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Subj.决定+VP

decide to do sth. (no 了 when followed by the content). 我决定自己做饭。

46
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Sth.叫… / Subj.叫+sb.… / Subj.把sth.叫做…

is called / calls sb. as / names sth. as. 我叫他姐夫。

47
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有的+N,有的+N

some…, some… 有的理发店叫发廊,有的叫美发馆。

48
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有N1、N2,就是没有N3

has A and B, just doesn't have C (mild complaint; stress 就是). 这个工作很轻松,就是钱不多。

49
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A+就是+B

A is simply B (B explains/defines A). “发廊”就是理发店。

50
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土 vs. 洋气/时尚/时髦/潮

rustic/outdated vs. stylish/fashionable. 他穿得好土,一点儿都不时尚。

51
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Subj.+似乎+VP

seems that… 他今天一直不说话,似乎不大高兴。

52
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服装 vs. 衣服

服装 = collective noun (clothing); 衣服 = clothes. 我在服装店买了很多衣服。

53
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A……,B跟A(完全)相反,B……

B is the opposite of A. 美国人习惯早上洗澡,中国人跟美国人完全相反。

54
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……很+有趣/有意思/没有意思

___ is interesting / not interesting. 我看了觉得很有趣。

55
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……服务+周到

the service is attentive (周到 never negative). 这个饭馆的服务员服务很周到。

56
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(不)给+sb.+小费

to (not) give tips. 在美国吃饭,你得给小费。

57
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(你/TA)要不要+VP?

Would you like me to…? Should I…? (suggestion). 我要去买咖啡,要不要帮你买一杯?

58
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聊天儿 / A跟B聊天儿 / 聊了+duration / 聊+topic

to chat; chat with sb.; chatted for a time; chat about a topic. 昨天我和我的同屋聊天儿聊了一个小时。

59
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Favorable wish,可惜+reason

a pity that… (reason for a bad result). 我很想去长城,可惜我拉肚子了。

60
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Subj.+不够+desirable adj.

not ___ enough. 他觉得凉开水不够凉。

61
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Sth.(amount)+够不够?/够了/不够

is it enough? enough / not enough. 500块够不够?

62
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和/跟A比起来,B+adj.得多/adj.多了/更adj./adj.一点儿

compared to A, B is… 跟美国的夏天比起来,北京的更热。

63
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Subj.+得+VP / Subj.+不必/不用+VP

have to do / don't have to do (NOT 不得). 在北京吃饭,不必给小费。