Glycolysis Review Lecture

This set of flashcards covers key vocabulary and concepts from the glycolysis lecture, focusing on enzymes, metabolic pathways, and regulation.

Glycolysis

The metabolic pathway that converts glucose into pyruvate, generating ATP.

Phosphofructokinase

An enzyme that catalyzes a key regulatory step in glycolysis, converting fructose 6-phosphate to fructose 1,6-bisphosphate.

ATP Hydrolysis

The process by which ATP is broken down into ADP and inorganic phosphate, releasing energy.

Enzyme

Biological catalysts that speed up chemical reactions in the body without being consumed.

Allosteric Regulation

Regulation of an enzyme by binding an effector molecule at a site other than the enzyme's active site.

Citrate

A key metabolic intermediate that can inhibit phosphofructokinase.

Fructose 2,6-bisphosphate (F2,6BP)

A potent allosteric activator of phosphofructokinase, increasing glycolytic flux.

Hexokinase

The enzyme responsible for the phosphorylation of glucose to form glucose 6-phosphate.

Kinase

An enzyme that transfers a phosphate group from ATP to a substrate.

Catabolic Pathway

A metabolic pathway that breaks down molecules, typically releasing energy.

Competitive Inhibition

A type of enzyme inhibition where an inhibitor competes with the substrate for the active site.

Regulatory Step

The step within a metabolic pathway that determines the overall rate of the pathway.

Cooperativity

The increase or decrease in enzyme activity when multiple binding sites interact with substrates or effectors.

Enzyme Kinetics

The study of the rates of enzyme-catalyzed reactions and how they change with different conditions.

Schiff Base

A compound formed by the condensation of an amine with a carbonyl compound.

Homotetramer

A protein structure composed of four identical subunits that can exhibit cooperative binding.

Fructose Bisphosphate Aldolase

An enzyme that splits fructose 1,6-bisphosphate into two three-carbon molecules during glycolysis.