HORMONES

Pituitary gland has two section which are?

Adenohypophysis and Neurohypophysis

Adenohypopłysis  has three section which are?

Pars distalis, Pars intermedia, Pars tuberalis

What are the hormones that directly act on the soma?

• Somatotropin (GH, STH)

• Prolactin

What are the Pars distalis hormones that indirectly act

• thyrotropic hormone (TSH, thyrotropine) 

• Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)

• Gonadotropins (FSH and LH)

Human ACTH is called?

Cosyntropic

Porcine ACTH is called?

repositol

Hormones of pars intermedia?

Intermedin (melanocyte – stimulating hormone)

Hormone of the neurohypophysis

• Antidiuretic hormone (ADH, arginine/vasopressin)

• Oxytocin (oxytocic hormone)

What are the two types of diabetes insipidus?

Central and Nephrogenic diabetes insipidus

What are the Treatment of Central diabetes insipidus (DCCTS)

• ADH

• desmopressin

• chlorpropamide ( hypoglycemic)

• carbamazepine ( antiepileptic with effect on DI)

• thiazide diuretics

• salt restriction

What are the Treatment of Central diabetes insipidus

• thiazide diuretics

• low sodium diet, protein, more water

It reduces the effect of oxytocin in uterus?

Epinephrine

Oxytocin is used for patient with?

• expulsion of fetus

• expulsion of uterine debris

• expulsion of placenta

• postparturient uterine involution

• dystocia

• galactagogue ( mastitis

Hormones that from endometrial cups of pregnant mares uterus

Pregnant Mare Serum Gonadotropin (PMSG)

They are act on every cells of the body and essential for growth & reproduction?

Thyroxin

What are the hormones of Thyroid gland?

Thyroxin and calcitonin

Thyroxin used?

• increase milk production

• increase growth (BMR)

• external estrus /libido

Calcitonin used?

Lower blood Ca level by slowing bone resorption

HORMONES OF PARATHYROID GLAND

• Parathryoid hormone

Parathyroid hormones use?

• increase Ca level

• causes phosphate diuresis

• causes Ca & K metabolism via the skeleton & kidney

It is Iodine deficiencies leading to enlargement of thyroid

Simple goiter

It is Iodine deficiencies in immature animal leading to exhaustion of thyroid gland

Hypothyroidism (cretinism)

It is Iodine deficiencies in mature animal leading to exhaustion of thyroid gland

Hypothyroidism (cretinism)

Excess production of thyroid hormones

Hyperthroidism

What are the Treatment hypothyroidism?

• Dietary iodine

• L-thyroxin

• L-triiodothyronine

What are the Treatment hyperthyroidism?

• Potassium /sodium iodine

• Anti-thyroid drugs

What are the anti-thyroid drugs? (TMP)

• Thiouracil

• Methythiouracil

• Prophythiouracil

What are the Anti-diabetic drugs used for type 1 diabetes mellitus?

• glipizide

• metfromin  

• troglitazone

• pioglitazone

What are the Anti-glucagon drugs used for type 2 diabetes mellitus?

• exendin

• sitagliptine

• vidagliptine

What are the male sex hormones

testosterone, androsterone, androstenedione, dehydroepiandrosterone

What are the estrogen?

• estradiol 17-B

• estrone

• estriol

Synthetic estrogen

• (DES)

• mestranol

estrogen produced by pregnant equine

• Equinillin

• Equilenin

• Hippulin

most common progestin is?

Progesterone

Synthetic like progestin?

altrenogest, melengestrol

Short acting anitphlogistic?

• Hydrocortisone

• cortisone

• prednisone

Intermediate acting anitphlogistic?

triamcinolone

Long acting anitphlogistic?

flumethasone, betamethasone, dexamethasone

new glucocorticoids

• Lazaroid

• Nitrosteroids

• Soft steroids

main mineralocorticoids produce by the body

• aldosterone

• deoxycorticosterone

• 11-deoxycortisol

Adrenal sex hormones

• estrogen

• progestin

Marked sedation, anti-motion sickness activity

Dramamine

Anti-histamine used for itching and marked sedation

Piperazine

Slight sedation, better that dramamine anti motion sickness

Meclizine

H2 antagonist used for tx gastritis, gastric ulcer, hyperacidity

• cimetidine

• Ranitidine

• Famotidine

• Burimamide

it is a neurotransmitter  found  in enterochromaffin cells in GIT (90%) , and in plateletes

Serotonin

agonist used as anxiolytic agent.

Buspirone

agonist for migraine (Treatment and prophylactic).

Sumatriptan

agonist as prokinetic agent (for Rx of gastroesophagial reflex).

Metoclopromide (Plasil)

Acts by stim. Release and inhib. Reuptake of serotonin.  

Dexfenfuramine

5-HT3 antagonists Common used for Rx of N/V induced by cytotoxic (chemotherapy) drugs

Ondansetron & Granisetron

Both H1, 5-HT1,2 and cholinergic  antagonist, used for Rx carcinoid tumor (significant increases in serotonin)  and to increase appetite..

Cyproheptadine

5-HT2/1c antagonist and a1-adrenergic blocker. (used as antihypertensive agent)

Ketanserin

This is an ergot alkaloid acts as 5-HT1,2 antagonist used for Rx of migraine.  

Methysergide

Horse intestine and brain and bradykinin-like

Substance P ( neurokinin)

Small intestine and nervous system and has multi-factional effect

Vasoactive intestine polypeptide (VIP)

found in octopus and gut-stimulator, bradykinin-like

Found in the skin of amphibian and gut-stimulator, bradykinin-like

stimulate pancreas and exocrine secretion

Coerulein

Found on right atrium

• during blood volume overload and stretch

• promotes sodium excretion and diuresis

Atrial natriuretic factor (ANF)