structure quiz 3 (unit 2)

includes the skull, vertebral column, ribs, and sternum?

Axial skeleton

includes the arms, legs, pectoral girdle, and pelvic girdle?

Appendicular skeleton

what part of the vertebral column is this? what does it consist of?

Cervical; consists of 7 vertebrae

what part of the vertebral column is this? what does it consist of?

Thoracic; consists of 12 vertebrae

what part of the vertebral column is this? what does it consist of?

Lumbar; consists of 5 vertebrae

what part of the vertebral column is this? what does it consist of?

Sacrum; one bone, formed from fusion of several bones, articulates with hip.

what part of the vertebral column is this? what does it consist of?

Coccyx; also fused bones that form terminus of column.

what part of the vertebrae is this?

Vertebral body

Part of the vertebrae?

Intervertebral foramen; lateral openings between vertebrae for passage of spinal nerves

Part of the vertebrae?

Anulus fibrosus

Part of the vertebrae?

Body (centrum); the anterior weight-bearing region

Part of the vertebrae?

Vertebral arch

Part of the vertebrae?

Pedicle; 2 short pillars form sides of arch

Part of the vertebrae?

Lamina; 2 fused, flattened plates form posterior arch

Part of the vertebrae?

Vertebral foramen; enclosure formed by body and vertebral arch coming together (where spine travels)

Part of the vertebrae?

Inferior articular process; protrude inferiorly

Part of the vertebrae?

Superior articular facet and process; protrude superiorly

Part of the vertebrae?

Transverse process; project laterally

Part of the vertebrae?

Spinous process; projects posteriorly

Part of vertebrae?

Mammilary process

Part of vertebrae?

Facet: flattened portion of bone that directly articulates with another bone (usually articulates with ANOTHER facet).

what is this?

Intervertebral disc; what stacks vertebral to vertebral bodies.

What is this?

Facet joint

What is this?

Anterior longitudinal ligament; continuous bands from neck to sacrum that run down front and back of spine.

• dense regular connective tissue

What is this?

Posterior Longitudinal Ligaments; continuous bands from neck to sacrum that run down front and back of spine.

• Dense regular connective tissue

What is this?

Ligamentum flavum; connects adjacent vertebrae.

• dense elastic connective tissue (helps it recoil after spinal flexion)

What is this?

Interspinous ligaments; connect the spinous processes of adjacent vertebrae

• Dense regular connective tissue

What is this?

Supraspinous ligament

What is this?

Nucleus pulposus

• Inner gelatinous nucleus. Gives disc its elasticity and compressibilit

What is this?

Anulus fibrosus

• Outer collar composed of collagen and fibrocartilage. Limits expansion of nucleus pulposus when compressed.

What is this?

Transverse ligament of atlas

What part of cervical vertebrae is this?

C1 (atlas)

What part of cervical vertebrae is this?

C2 (axis)

What part of cervical vertebrae is this?

C3

What part of cervical vertebrae is this?

Bifid spinous process

What part of cervical vertebrae is this?

Vertebra prominens; large and can be felt through skin, soused as a landmark

What is a tubercle?

small, rounded projection or bump on a bone.

What part of the atlas (C1) is this?

Anterior arch

What part of the atlas (C1) is this?

Anterior tubercle

What part of the atlas (C1) is this?

Posterior tubercle

What part of the atlas (C1) is this?

Posterior arch

What part of the atlas (C1) is this?

Lateral masses

What part of the atlas (C1) is this?

Foramen magnum

What part of the atlas (C1) is this?

Occiput

What part of the atlas (C1) is this?

Occipital condyle

What part of the atlas (C1) is this?

Palate

What part of the atlas (C1) is this?

Glenoid fossa

What part of the atlas (C1) is this?

Zygomatic arch

What part of the axis (C2) is this?

Dens; Major feature is knoblike dens that projects superiorly into anterior arch of atlas

• Dens is the “missing” body of atlas

What is this (TV)?

Superior articular process and facet

What is this (TV)?

Superior costal facet (for head and rib)

What is this (TV)?

Transverse costal facet (for tubercle of rib)

What is this?

Inferior notch

What is this (TV)?

Inferior costal facet for head of rib

What is this (TV)?

Facet for articular part of tubercle of rib.

What is this (TV)?

Superior demifacet

What is this (TV)?

Head of rib

What is this (TV)?

Inferior facet of rib

What is this (TV)?

Neck of rib

What is this (TV)?

Articular part of tubercle of rib

What is this (TV)?

Nonarticular part of tubercle of rib

What part of sacrum is this?

Base of sacrum

What part of sacrum is this?

Promontory

What part of sacrum is this?

Transverse ridges

What part of sacrum is this?

Coccyx

What part(s) of sacrum is this?

• Apex of sacrum

• Transverse process of coccyx

What part of sacrum is this?

Anterior (pelvic) sacral foramina

What part of sacrum is this?

Sacral part of pelvic brim

What part of coccyx is this?

Median sacral crest

What part of coccyx is this?

Lateral sacral crest

What part of coccyx is this?

Posterior sacral foramen

What part of coccyx is this?

Sacral cornu

What part of coccyx is this?

Intermediate sacral crest

What part of coccyx is this?

Auricular (lateral) surface

What is this?

Ilium

What is this?

Ischium

What is this?

Pubis

What part of coxal bone (hip) is this?

Iliac crest

What part of coxal bone (hip) is this?

Acetabulum

What part of coxal bone (hip) is this?

Obturator foramen

What part of coxal bone (hip) is this?

Ischial tuberosity

What part of coxal bone (hip) is this?

Ischial spine

What part of coxal bone (hip) is this?

Pubic crest

What muscle is this?

Rectus abdominis

What muscle is this?

External abdominal oblique

What muscle is this?

Internal abdominal oblique; Compresses the abdomen, flexes the trunk, and rotates the trunk to the same side.

What muscle is this?

Transversus abdominis; Compresses the abdominal contents and stabilizes the lumbar spine by increasing intra-abdominal pressure (wraps tightly like a corset).

What muscle is this?

Iliocostalis: most lateral; runs mainly from the ilium toward the ribs.

What muscle is this?

Longissimus: intermediate; the largest/longest column, extending along the vertebral column toward the skull.

What muscle is this?

Spinalis; most medial; runs closest to the spinous processes

What is this?

Quadratus lumborum

What is this?

Semispinalis capitis ; most superior; inserts on the occipital bone and acts strongly on the head.

What is this?

Semispinalis thoracis; thoracic region

What is this?

Semispinalis cervicis; cervical region

What part of the thoracic cage is this?

True ribs

What part of the thoracic cage is this?

Floating ribs

What part of the thoracic cage is this?

Costal cartilage

What part of the thoracic cage is this?

Sternum

What part of the thoracic cage is this?

Scapula

What part of the thoracic cage is this?

Clavicle