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Cabinet

A group of official advisors to the president, primarily consisting of the heads of the executive departments.

Federal

Relating to the national government, constitutional law, or legal disputes between states.

Census

An official count of the population conducted every 10 years to determine congressional representation.

Impeach

To formally charge a public official, such as a president or judge, with wrongdoing or misconduct in office.

Veto

The constitutional power of an executive to officially reject or disapprove a proposed legislative bill.

Override

The process where a $\frac{2}{3}$ majority vote in both houses of Congress passes a bill despite a presidential veto.

Treaty

A formal, legally binding agreement negotiated between sovereign nations.

Executive Order

A directive issued by the president that directs government operations and holds the force of law.

Bill

A formal draft or proposal for a new law presented to a legislature for debate and approval.

Appeal

A formal request made by the losing party in a case asking a higher court to review a lower court's decision.

Judicial Review

The power of the courts to examine a government law or action and determine whether it is constitutional.

Third Party

A political party other than the Democrats or Republicans, such as the Green Party or Libertarian Party.

Conservative (Right)

A political viewpoint associated with the Republican Party that emphasizes individual rights, border security, limited immigration, and traditional values, often drawing support from rural areas.

Liberal (Left)

A political viewpoint associated with the Democratic Party that emphasizes government action for the public good, pathways to legal immigration, and social reform, often drawing support from urban areas.

Midterm election

A congressional election held halfway through a president's four-year term.

Electoral College

The formal constitutional system and assembly of electors responsible for casting the official votes to elect the president.

Amendments

Formal additions, revisions, or changes made to the text of the Constitution.