Geography - Development Dynamics

Measuring Development
Development….
GDP…
GNI…
Per Capita…
HDI….
GII….

Development - How a country improves people’s quality of life (money, health, education)
GDP - Total money a country makes in a year
GNI - Total money a country makes, including money abroad
Per Capita - Average per person (Total divided Population) Hides Rich vs Poor gaps
HDI - A score from 0 to 1 measuring money, life expectancy & schooling
GII - Measures unfairness between men & women in health, jobs & politics

Population LICs

High birth rates, short lives (50 - 60), Lots of kids not a lot of elderly. e.g Kenya

Population MICs

Birth rates dropping people live longer (65 - 75). e.g India

Population HICs

Low birth rates, long lifes (80+) ageing population.e.g UK

Rostow’s Development Theory
1. Tr_______ S_____
2.Pr_ C_______ for T____ off
3. T___ off
4. Dr___ to M_____
5.A__ of H___ Mass C_________

Idea that all countries grow through 5 stages to become rich consumer societies
1. Traditional Society
2. Pre Conditions for Take off
3. Take off
4. Drive to Maturity
5. Age of High Mass Consumption

Franks Dependency Theory
1. Pe_____ (outer)
2. S___-Pe_____
3. C___ (inner)

Idea that rich countries keep poor countries poor by exploiting them
1. Periphery
2. Semi-periphery
3. Core

Reasons Countries are poor
Ph______
Hi_____/Po_____
Ec_____
P______

Physical causes - No coastline,bad weather,disease/disasters
Historical/Political - Colonialism,war/conflict corrupt leaders
Economic causes - Debt,buying expensive goods & selling cheap raw materials
Poverty cycle

Ways to develop
A__
FDI
T__-D___ Projects
B____-U_ Projects

Aid - from foreign countries
FDI - Foreign Investment e.g buildings,offices,factories; creates jobs
Top-Down Projects - Huge expensive government projects
Bottom-Up Projects - Small,cheap charity projects for local villages