Psycology Module 3- Collecting & Analyzing Data

Quantitative data

Numerical data that can be COUNTED or MEASURED

Qualitative Data

Descriptive Data about experiences, thoughts or behavior

Descriptive Statistics

Statistics used to summerize, organize, and describe collected data

Inferential Statistics

Statistics used to draw conclusions about a larger population from a sample

Central tendency

Measures used to describe a typical score, including the mean, median and mode.

Mean

AVERAGE of all scores

Median

The middle score when the scores are placed in order

Mode

the score that appears most often

Variability

How close together or spread out the scores

Range

The highest score minus the lowest score

Standard Deviation

A measure of how spread out scores are from the mean

Distribution

The way data values are spread or arranged

Normal Distribution

A symmetrical distribution in which scores cluster around the center and taper evenly on both sides. the mean, median, and mode are equal

Skewed distribution

An asymmetrical distribution in which scores stretch farther to one side, often because of extreme scores

Hull hypothesis

The assumption that there is no real effect, difference, or relationship

P-Value

The probability of obtaining results of this extreme or, more extreme if the null hypothesis were true.

Statistical significance

A result is statistically significant when it is unlikely under the null hypothesis. a P-value below .05 is commonly used as a thresh hold.

Effect size

A measure of how large a difference or relationship is

T-test

A statistical test that compares the averages of three or more groups

ANOVA

A statistical test that compares the averages of three or more groups

Correlation

A statistical measure of strength and direction of a relationship between variables

Regression

A statistical method that examines relationships between variables and can help predict outcomes