D2 Radiology Lecture 10: Benign Tumors of the Jaw

1. Slow growing

2. Painless

3. No metastasis

What are the three clinical features of benign tumors?

Odontogenic

Which type of tumor originates above the inferior alveolar canal in tooth bearing areas?

Vascular/Neural

Which type of tumor originates in the mandibular canal where neurovascular tissue resides?

Smooth, well defined

What is the periphery/shape of benign tumors?

1. Displacement/Expansion

2. Root resorption

What are the two main effects of benign tumors on surrounding structures?

Hamartoma

What is the term for normal mature cells in abnormal number or distribution?

Hyperplasia

What is the term for abnormal increase in the number of cells in normal arrangement?

Ameloblastoma

What is the locally invasive true epithelial odontogenic tumor called?

Ameloblastoma

What is the most common significant odontogenic tumor?

33 - 40 years

What is the average age range for ameloblastomas?

Unicytic

What type of ameloblastoma is mural?

Ameloblastoma

What tumor is this?

Molar/ramus area

Where are ameloblastomas located on the mandible?

Third molar area

Where are ameloblastomas located on the maxilla?

Soap bubble/honeycomb

What is the radiographic appearance of ameloblastomas?

Yes

Do ameloblastomas cause root resorption?

Mandibular canal

What can be displaced by ameloblastomas?

Pindborg

What is the rare tumor that produces amyloid-like mineralization?

1. Jaw expansion

2. Swelling

What are the two physical effects of Pindborg tumors?

Mandible

Are Pindborg tumors more common on the maxilla or mandible?

Premolar-molar area

Which area are Pindborg tumors most common?

Tooth eruption

What could be prevented by Pindborg tumors?

Men

Are Pindborg tumors more common for men or women?

Pindborg tumor (Calcifying Epithelial Odontogenic Tumor)

What tumor is this?

10 - 19 years

What is the age range for Adenomatoid Odontogenic Tumors?

Women

Are Adenomatoid Odontogenic Tumors more common for men or women?

Maxilla

Are Adenomatoid Odontogenic Tumors more common on the maxilla or mandible?

Anterior

Are Adenomatoid Odontogenic Tumors more common on the anterior or posterior?

Crown of unerupted canine

Where are follicular type Adenomatoid Odontogenic Tumors mostly located?

No

Is the extrafollicular type of Adenomatoid Odontogenic Tumors involved with the crown?

30%

What percent of Adenomatoid Odontogenic Tumors are radiolucent?

Snowflake calcifications

What is the radiographic appearance of Adenomatoid Odontogenic Tumors?

Tooth eruption

What can be delayed by Adenomatoid Odontogenic Tumors?

Rarely

Do Adenomatoid Odontogenic Tumors cause root resorption?

Outer cortex

What is maintained during Adenomatoid Odontogenic Tumor expansion?

Adenomatoid Odontogenic Tumor

What tumor is this?

15 years

What is the average age for Ameloblastic Fibromas?

Unilocular

Are Ameloblastic Fibromas mostly unilocular or multilocular?

Unerupted tooth

What are Ameloblastic Fibromas mostly associated with?

Premolar/molar region of mandible

What region are Ameloblastic Fibromas most common?

Cortex

What is kept intact during Ameloblastic Fibroma expansion?

Ameloblastic Fibroma

What tumor is this?

Calcifications

What do Ameloblastic Fibro-Odontomas have that ameloblastic fibromas do not?

Posterior mandible

In what region are Ameloblastic Fibro-Odontomas most common?

0 - 10 years

What is the age range for Ameloblastic Fibro-Odontomas?

Mixed

Are Ameloblastic Fibro-Odontomas radiolucent or radiopaque?

Unerupted tooth

What are Ameloblastic Fibro-Odontomas often associated with?

Ameloblastic Fibro-Odontoma

What tumor is this?

Odontoma

What is the most common type of odontogenic tumor?

10 - 20 years

What is the age range for odontomas?

Tooth development

When do odontomas grow?

Hamartoma

What anomaly do odontomas resemble?

Compound

What is the most common type of odontoma?

Anterior maxilla

Where are compound odontomas located?

Tooth-like calcifications

What is the main feature of compound odontomas?

Posterior mandible

Where are complex odontomas located?

Amorphous calcifications

What is the main feature of complex odontomas?

Radiolucent rim

What is the radiographic sign of odontomas?

Cortical borders

What is intact with the expansion of odontomas?

Target lesion

What type of lesion is found with odontomas?

Odontoma

What tumor is this?

Odontogenic Myxoma

What is the rare benign tumor of odontogenic ectomesenchyme only found in the jaws called?

High recurrence rate

What is the main trait of Odontogenic Myxomas?

Mandible

Are Odontogenic Myxomas more common on the maxilla or mandible?

Premolar/molar area

Which area are Odontogenic Myxomas found in?

Septations

What is the main radiographic sign of Odontogenic Myxomas?

Odontogenic Myxoma

What tumor is this?

Men

Are benign cementoblastomas more common for men or women?

Permanent teeth

Where do benign cementoblastomas develop?

Premolar/molar area of mandible

In what area are benign cementoblastomas found?

Target lesion

What type of lesion is found with benign cementoblastomas?

Cortex

What is kept intact with benign cementoblastoma expansion?

Benign cementoblastomas

What tumor is this?

Schwannoma

What is the neural sheath tumors from Schwann cells?

Schwannoma

What is the most common intraosseous nerve tumor?

Paresthesia

What is caused when the Schwannoma is in the inferior alveolar nerve?

Mandible

Are Schwannomas more common on the maxilla or mandible?

Expansion of inferior alveolar canal

What is the main effect of Schwannomas?

Fusiform

What is the shape of Schwannomas?

Yes

Could Schwannomas cause root resorption?

Schwannoma

What tumor is this?

Neurofibroma

What are the proliferating schwann cells that include axons as they grow?

Cortex

What do neurofibromas perforate?

Neurofibromas

What is the most common type of peripheral nerve tumor?

1. Mandibular canal

2. Cancellous bone

3. Below periosteum

Which three areas could have neurofibromas?

Fusiform

What is the shape of neurofibromas?

40+ years

At what age are osteomas most common?

Neurofibroma

What tumor is this?

Cortex

What are osteomas connected to?

1. Boney hard swelling

2. Free moving mucosa

What are the two symptoms of osteomas?

Impinge on structures

When can osteomas cause pain?

Soft tissue

What can osteomas displace?

1. Lingual ramus

2. Inferior border

3. Paranasal sinuses

What are the three areas where osteomas are the most common?

Osteoma

What tumor is this?

Gardner's syndrome

What disease is associated with multiple osteomas?

Epidermoid cysts

What cysts are found in Gardner's syndrome?

Intestinal polyps

What symptom of Gardner's syndrome could indicate malignant conversion?

Excision

What treatment should be done if there is impaired function with Gardner's syndrome?

Gardner's syndrome

What tumor is this?

5+

How many dense bone islands indicates Gardner's syndrome?