Physics Final Exam
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64 Terms
Work
A force causing movement in the same direction.
Energy
The ability to do work.
Kinetic energy
Energy an object has because of its motion.
Potential energy
Energy stored because of an object's position or height.
Power
The rate at which work is done.
As a ball falls toward the ground
KE increases and PE decreases.
Most kinetic energy
A moving train.
Gravitational potential energy
A flying airplane.
Law of Conservation of Energy
Energy changes form but total energy stays constant.
Pendulum kinetic energy
The lowest point.
Momentum
Depends on an object's mass and velocity.
Impulse
Force × Time.
Airbags reduce injury
They increase stopping time.
Collision increases time
Force will decrease.
In a closed system, momentum
Is conserved.
Two football players collide and stick together
That is inelastic.
Greatest momentum
A slow-moving truck.
Static electricity
An imbalance of electric charges.
A conductor
Allows electrons to move easily.
An insulator
Rubber.
Charging by friction
Happens when two materials rub together.
Charging without touching
Called induction.
Electric current
The flow of electric charge.
Voltage
Electrical pressure that pushes charges.
Ohm's Law
Voltage equals current times resistance.
In a SERIES circuit
Current stays the same throughout.
In a PARALLEL circuit
Voltage is the same across each branch.
Adding more resistors in parallel
Causes total resistance to decrease.
Vector quantity
Momentum.
Rockets move forward
Explained by Newton's 3rd Law.
Net force zero
Object keeps its current motion.
Velocity on a position-time graph
Slope of the graph.
Quantity measured in Joules
Energy.
Red apple appear red
It reflects red light and absorbs most other colors.
All visible colors mixed together
Produces white light.
Longest wavelength in visible spectrum
Red.
Highest frequency
Violet.
Shine red light on a blue shirt
The shirt will most likely appear black or very dark.
Mirror that produces upright, smaller image
Convex mirror.
Straw looks bent in water
Due to refraction.
Black objects in sunlight
Absorb most light energy.
A prism separates white light
Because different colors have different speeds and bend differently.
NO acceleration
Car moving at constant velocity in a straight line.
Most gravitational potential energy
A heavy rock on a cliff.
Newton’s 2nd Law
Acceleration depends on mass and force.
Electric current truth
Current is the flow of electric charge.
Parallel circuit adding branch
Makes total current increase.
Easier to push empty shopping cart
The full cart has more inertia.
Primary colors of LIGHT
Red, Green, Blue.
Secondary colors of LIGHT
Cyan, Magenta, Yellow.
Red light + Green light
Produces yellow.
Blue light + Green light
Produces cyan.
Red light + Blue light
Produces magenta.
Cyan light minus green light
Leaves blue.
White light minus yellow light
Leaves blue.
Cyan + Magenta + Yellow
Together produce black.
Cyan + Magenta minus blue
Leaves red.
Stare at magenta shirt then white wall
Will most likely see green.
Magenta shirt reflects
Red and blue light.
Electromagnetic spectrum shorter wavelengths
Frequency and energy increase.
Lowest frequency electromagnetic wave
Radio waves.
Highest energy electromagnetic wave
Gamma rays.
Visible color with HIGHEST energy
Violet.
Visible color with LOWEST energy
Red.