Functional groups

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Last updated 5:17 AM on 10/16/26
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7 Terms

1
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Hydroxyl (-OH)

polar; helps molecules interact with water. Found in alcohol and many sugars.

2
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Carboxyl (-COOH)

gives away H+ and makes molecules acidic

3
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Amino group (-NH2)

recieves H+ and is found in amino acids

4
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Phosphate (-OPO top 2- bottom 3 )

often negatively charged: found in ATP, nucleotides, and phospholipids

5
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Sulfhydryl group (-SH)

creates disulfide bonds and stabilizes proteins; found in some amino acids

6
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Carbonyl (C=O)

a carbon double-bonded to oxygen; found in aldehydes and ketones

7
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Methyl (-CH3)


Can affect a molecule's shape and gene expression when added to biological molecules.