Introduction to benzene

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Last updated 10:08 AM on 10/1/26
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5 Terms

1
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What is the empirical formula for benzene

C6H6

2
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What is an aromatic compound

Organic compound containing benzene

3
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What is the structure of benzene

  • Delocalised pi system above and below the plane

  • Low electron density so unable to polarise induce dipoles on neighbouring molecules

  • All bonds same length


4
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What evidence proved kekukles structure wrong

  • X-ray diffraction showed all six bonds are the same length, so cannot alternate between C=C and C-C

  • When hydrogenated enthalpy change for hydrogenation is less exothermic than expected suggesting delocalised pi bonds


5
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What directing groups must you know for benzene

  • 2-4 directing:
    -NH or NHR
    -OH

  • 3-directing:

  • -NO2