Angiosperms Pt. II

What are monocots?

Monocotyledons r flowering plants with seeds that have one cotyledon (seed leaf). Examples include grasses, lilies, and orchids.

What are dicots?

Dicotyledons r flowering plants with seeds that have two cotyledons. Examples include roses, beans, and oak trees.

What is a key difference between monocots and dicots in terms of leaf structure?

• Monocots have parallel leaf veins

• Dicots have branching/net-like leaf veins.

How do monocots and dicots differ in flower parts?

• Monocots have flower parts in multiples of 3

• Dicots have flower parts in multiples of 4/5

What is a notable difference in root systems between monocots and dicots?

• Monocots have fibrous root systems

• Dicots have a taproot system

How do monocots and dicots differ in stem structure?

• Monocots vascular bundles are scattered throughout the stem

• Whereas in dicots are arranged in a ring

What are the major products of double fertilization?

The two major products are the zygote and the endosperm.

What is the origin of the nutritive tissue in gymnosperms?

The nutritive tissue, known as the megagametophyte, originates from the female gametophyte and is haploid (n).

What is the origin of the nutritive tissue in angiosperms?

Known as the endosperm, is formed from the fusion of one sperm cell with two polar nuclei, resulting in a triploid (3n) tissue

Prod. of fertilization

Which type of tissue develops into the fruit after fertilization occurs?

The ovary tissue develops into the fruit after fertilization occurs.

Which plant groups disperse young via spores?

• Ferns, mosses, liverworts

• Some seedless vascular plants

Which plant groups produce seeds?

• Gymnosperms (like conifers)

• Angiosperms (flowering plants)

Which plant groups have flagellated sperm?

• Bryophytes (mosses, liverworts, hornworts)
• Ferns

How do the sperm reach the egg in plant groups without flagellated sperm?

• In gymnosperms and angiosperms, pollen grains develop a pollen tube.
• Pollen tubes transfer the sperm to the ovule for fertilization.

Why do we observe such a vast diversity of flowers colors and morphology (think: pollination syndromes)

• Bees: Attracted to blue, yellow, and purple flowers; appreciate open shapes for easy access.

• Butterflies: Prefer brightly colored flowers, often with a tubular shape.

• Hummingbirds: Drawn to red, tubular flowers with high nectar content.

• Moths: Attracted to white or pale flowers, particularly those that bloom at night.

• Bats: Prefer large, fragrant flowers that are white or dull-colored, also typically nocturnal.

• Flies: Some are attracted to flowers that smell like rotting matter, often dull-colored.

• Beetles: Prefer large, bowl-shaped flowers, often white or green.