checkRIDE

everything.

what does 360 have to do with your engine

thats the cubic inch displacement, its how much fuel and air it can hold.

4 strokes of engine.. in detail

intake: as piston moves down it creates suction, pulling the fuel air mixture inside

compression: intake valve closes and keeps fuel air mixture inside and squeezes it

power: spark plug ignites the fuel/air mixture and piston goes down creating power that signs cranckshaft

exhuast: all burned gases leave the cylinder.

indication of carb ice

loss of power

engine roughness

magnetos:

magnets that are spun whenever the engine spins, they produce electrical current that generates a spark.

baffle

direct the airflow from the cowlings over hottest part of the engine.

what is hydraulic on our aircraft?

landing gear and breaks.

fixed pitch propeller

effect only at a certain airspeed and rpm (usually cruise or climb)

constant speed propeller

rpm stays the same and can be set anytime.

white arc

flaps operating range

lower limit white arc

stalling speed in the landing conf. Vso

upper limit white arc

max flaps extended Vfe

lower limit green arc

stalling speed clean conf. vs1

upper green arc

maximum structural cursing speed Vno

blocked static system

asi inaccurate, vsi o, altimeter freezes.

induction system

brings in air from outside, mixes it with fuel and delves the fuel air mixture to cylinders where combustion occurs.

ignition system

provides the spark that ignites the fuel air mixture

heater and exhaust system

outside air is drawn into air inlet and is ducted through shroud around the muffler.

the muffler is heated by exiting exhaust gases and in turn heats air around muffler. heated air is ducted too the cabin for heating.

mean camber line

leading edge to trailing edge

aspect ratio

ratio of wing span to wing chord

Bernoullis princable

as velocity of moving fluid increases, the pressure with fluid decreases.

As wing moves through the air, the flow of air across the curved top surface increases in velocity creating a low pressure area.

adiabatic heating

rising air expand and cools due to the decrease in air pressure as altitude increases

adiabatic cooling

as atmospehereic pressure increases the tem of descending air increases as it compressed.

sinus problems

(during climbs and descents) the free gas expands, if it escapes pressure builds up and ear/sinus pain are experienced.

deviation

the aircraft magnetic field creates compass errors

lines of magnetic flux

any magnet that is free to align will rotate with them

any electrical current is induced into any conductor that cuts across.

cloud

when air cools and reaches its saturation point, the invisible water vapor changes into a visible state.

mainfold pressure

pressure of air going into the engine

vapor lock

fuel gets turned into vapor before it reaches engine. fuel pump is unable to move the vapors as well as liquid.

magnetometer

as electricity flows into the magnetometer its able to compute and determine position and orientation.

vestibular system

organs found in the inner ear senes position with balance.

somatosensory

nerves in skin, muscles, and joints sense position by hearing and gravity.

where does corilos force exist

areas of low pressure over equatorial

area of high pressure over polar

why is a carburetor more likely to get carb icing then a fuel pump system.

as air is pulling fuel, pressure drops, making it easier to freeze.

lift

produced by the dynamic effect of the air acting on the wing

airframe

fuselage is gfrp semi monocoque

wings airframe

gfrp/cfrp sandwich const.

empennage

t tail gfrp semi monocoque

rudder and elavator

sandwich construction

wingtip vortices

high pressure coming around the wingtip and trying to go to the low pressure on top creates the vortex

ground effect

induced drag is being disrupted by the ground as the vortices are being destroyed coming in contact and giving us more life by auctally disrupting induced drag.

why does torque yaw on the ground

due to the aircraft wanting to roll left, putting more pressure on the left tire.

if we lost oil pressure what will happen to the propeller

we would stay at whatever was selected when we lost it

decompression sickness

nitrogen would expand in your blood and constrict blood flow.

vor

the rotating beacon and the omnidirectional beacon measure the time between radials with omnidirectional beacon.

why does our engine have a crankshaft

to utilize energy produced from engine to turn propeller.

why is a skid dangeours

could create a stall with airflow not coming under your wings would could lead to a spin.

when are left turning tendencies the most noticeable

when slow, high aka, and high power settings

hypoxia

less oxygen molecules in the air

hypemic

blood can’t take sufficient amount of oxygen

histoxic

cells can’t efficiently use the oxygen

stagnant

blood is flowing

frontogensis

initial formation of a front

frontolysis

dissipating front

how to use a fire extinguisher

pull the pin, squeeze the handle, aim low, and sweep.

hypoxia system

headache, dizziness, cyanosis, impaired vision, bad judgement, light headed, fatigue, tingling, and euphorbia.

leans

re enter a turn

corilos

sudden head movements

somatogranic

rapid acceleration feels nose up, pitches nose down.

inversion

climb - lvl

heading indicator limitations

precession

errors effecting attitude indicator

turn error, acceleration/decelartion.

volt regulator

control aircraft alternator system, provides over voltage protection

ammeter

shows charge for battery

factors effecting density altitude

temp, humidity, altitude

what causes turbulence

convective currents, mechinal turbulence, wind shear.

steam fog

cold air moving over warmer water. associated with unstable air.

advection fog

moist air moving over cooler surface

how does stall speed increase with load factor

there’s less lift to hold the plane against gravity and maintain altitude. so to get more life we need a higher boa so this increases stall speed

how does netwon’s third law apply to lift

as air impacts the underside of the wing, the air will be deflected downwards and the aircraft will be deflected upward.

adverse yaw

the initial tendency of aircraft to yaw outside of a turn. this happened because of induced drag. one wing is producing more life. correct with rudders and differential ailerons.

spin

more lift and drag on the inside wing.

corkscrew path

during spin recovery your trying to

break the critical aoa and stop the rotation

uncoordinated flight

vertical axis isn’t aligned with the direction of travel

high voltage

ess bus on

master alt off

master battery on

uneccesary equipment off

low fuel pressure

fuel pressure check, fuel pump on, fuel selector on/off, land immidently

low oil pressure and oil tempature is rising

mixture enrich, throttle reduce, and check oil temps

CFIT

controlled flight into terrain

class E airspaces

surface

extended

transition

victor airways

offshore

domestic onroute

above 14500

calculate density altitude formula

pressure altitude (OAT-STD) x 120

outflow boundary

new thunderstorms develop here. usually lasts 24 hours.

how to avoid mountain turbulence

go upwind

how fast does a warm front move and what icing is associated with it

10-25 mph

rime ice

how fast does a cold front move and what icing is associated with is

clear and mixed

25-30 mph

gps errors

clock inaccuraies

reciver / process

signals reflected

transmission errors

where does corilois force deflect wind

to the right is the northern hempishphere

to the left in a southern hemisphere.

taxing with a headwind

aileron up

neaturual elevator

taxiing with a tailwind

down aileron

down elevator

relative wind

the wind opposite direction of flight path

stages on stall

impending: stall horn

on set: buffet

full stall: nose drops

horizontally opposed advantages

high power to weight

reduce engine frontal area

minimize aerodynamic drag

fiberglass

tensile, compressive, good impact

easy to work with, cheao

-heavy

carbon fiber

stronger tensile, compressive, bending stiffness

-heavy, $$$ poor impact,

as density altitude increase, performances decreases:

lift: bc thin air exerts less force on the airfoils

thrust: bc propeller is less efficient in thin air

power: engine takes in less air.

when do u need a transponder

a b c

e and g above 10,000 msl

30nm of b

above ceiling c and b to 10,000

when do u need ads- b out

a b c

e above 10,000

b and c up to 10,000

vor opertinoal errors

reverse sensing

careless tuning

check to/fro accruacy

over/under shooting radials

chasing cdi needle

cone of confusion

how too tell u enconcterd wind shear

ASI

vsi

heading

tempature inversion occurs because

nighttime radiation, along frontal zones, when air is trapped in a valley.

what weather should you expect by a trough

clouds, rain showers, wind shifts.

what weather should you expect by a dry line

sharp drop in humidity, dust, widnshifts, tornadic.